Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lithogeochemistry of Upper Precambrian Terrigenous Rocks in Belarus: Communication 1. Bulk Chemical Composition, General Features, and Anomalies

  • Published:
Lithology and Mineral Resources Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The first of two communications is devoted to the study of lithogeochemical features of the pilot collection of Upper Precambrian sandstone and siltstone samples taken from four boreholes: Bogushevskaya 1, Bykhovskaya, Lepel 1, and Kormyanskaya (Belarus). This article analyzes the general features of their bulk chemical composition and shows the possibilities and limitations for further reconstructions. It has been established that Riphean and Vendian rocks included in the pilot collection, visually identified as sandstones, are actually quartz, feldspar–quartz, and arkosic varieties with different cement types. In terms of geochemical characteristics, the Vendian “siltstones” correspond to the coarse- and fine-grained siltstones and, to a greater extent, mudstones with a predominance of illite, as well as various admixtures of berthierine, kaolinite, and smectite. Based on the comparison of enrichment factor (EF) of the trace element, these rocks are marked by several dissimilarities related to both variations in the source rock composition and sedimentary environment. Data points of the samples on the Zr/Sc–Th/Sc diagram indicate that all of the studied Riphean and Vendian rocks are dominated by the first sedimentation cycle material, suggesting that the lithogeochemical characteristics of the pilot collection rocks quite correctly reflect similar features of the source rock complexes. Therefore, they can be used to reconstruct the paleogeodynamic and paleoclimatic factors that controlled the accumulation of Riphean and Vendian sedimentary sequences in Belarus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

REFERENCES

  1. Barth, M.G., McDonough, W.F., and Rudnick, R.L., Tracking the budget of Nb and Ta in the continental crust, Chem. Geol., 2000, vol. 165, pp. 197–213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bordon, V.E., Geokhimiya i metallonosnost' osadochnogo chekhla Belorussii (Geochemistry and Metal Potential of the Sedimentary Cover in Belarus), Minsk: Nauka Tekhn., 1977.

  3. Cullers, R.L., Mineralogical and chemical changes of soil and stream sediment formed by intense weathering of the Danberg Granite, Georgia, USA, Lithos, 1988, vol. 21, pp. 301–314.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Cullers, R.L., Barrett, T., Carlson, R., and Robinson, B., Rare-earth element and mineralogic changes in Holocene soil and stream sediment: a case study in the Wet Mountains, Colorado, USA, Chem. Geol., 1987, vol. 63, pp. 275–297.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Cullers, R.L., Basu, A., and Suttner, L.J., Geochemical signature of provenance in sand-size material in soils and stream sediments near the Tobacco Root Batholith, Montana, USA, Chem. Geol., 1988, vol. 70, pp. 335–348.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Geochemistry of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks: Evolutionary Considerations to Mineral Deposit-Forming Environments, Lentz, D.R., Ed., St. Jones: Geol. Ass. Canada, 2003.

  7. Geologiya Belarusi (Geology of Belarus), Makhnach, A.S., Garetskii, R.G., and Matveev, A.V., Eds., Minsk: Inst. Geol. Nauk Belarusi, 2001.

  8. Golubkova, E.Yu., Kuzmenkova, O.F., and Kushim, E.A., et al., Distribution of microfossils in the Vendian deposits of the Orsha Depression of the East European Platform, Belarus, Strat. Geol. Correl., 2021, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 627–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Golubkova, E.Yu., Kuzmenkova, O.F., Laptsevich, A.G., et al., Paleontological characteristics of the Upper Vendian–Lower Cambrian sediments in the section of the North Polotsk Borehole of the East European Platform, Belarus, Strat. Geol. Correl., 2022, no. 6, pp. 457–474

  10. Herron, M.M., Geochemical classification of terrigenous sands and shales from core or log data, J. Sedim. Petrol., 1988, vol. 58, pp. 820–829.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Interpretatsiya geokhimicheskikh dannykh (Interpretation of the Geochemical Data), Sklyarov, E.V., Ed., Moscow: Intermet Inzhin., 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jewula, K., Środoń, J., Kędzior, A., et al., Sedimentary, climatic, and provenance controls of mineral and chemical composition of the Ediacaran and Cambrian mudstones from the East European Craton, Precambr Res., 2022, vol. 381, p. 106850.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kuzmenkova, O.F., Laptsevich, A.G., Streltsova, G.D., and Minenkova, T.M., Riphean and Vendian in the conjugation zone of the Orshanskaya Depth and the Zlobin Saddle (Bykhovskaya parametric borehole), in Problemy geologii Belarusi v smezhnykh territorii (Problems of Geology in Belarus and Adjacent Regions), Minsk: SroiMediaProekt, 2018, pp. 101–105.

  14. Kuzmenkova, O.F., Laptsevich, A.G., and Glaz, N.V., Issue of the Middle Riphean Bortniki Formation in Belarus, in Etapy formirovaniya i razvitiya proterozoiskoi zemnoi kory: stratigrafiya, metamorfizm, magmatizm, geodinamika (Stages of the Formation and Evolution of the Earth’s Proterozoic Crust: Stratigraphy, Metamorphism, Magmatism, and Geodynamics), St. Petersburg: Svoe Izd-vo, 2019, pp. 122–124.

  15. Kuzmenkova, O.F., Laptsevich, A.G., Kuznetsov, A.B., et al., Important issues of the Riphean–Vendian Stratigraphy in the Volyn–Orsha paleoaulacogen in the western East European Platform, in Etapy formirovaniya i razvitiya proterozoiskoi zemnoi kory: stratigrafiya, metamorfizm, magmatizm, geodinamika (Stages of the Formation and Evolution of the Earth’s Proterozoic Crust: Stratigraphy, Metamorphism, Magmatism, and Geodynamics), St. Petersburg: Svoe Izd-vo, 2019, pp. 125–127.

  16. Laptsevich, A.G., Golubkova, E.Yu., Kuzmenkova, O.F., et al., The Upper Vendian Kotlin Horizon in Belarus: Lithological differentiation and biostratigraphic substantiation, Litasfera, 2023, no. 1(58), pp. 17–25.

  17. Makhnach, A.S., Stratigraphic scheme of the Upper Precambrian in Belarus, in Geologicheskoe stroenie i perspektivy neftegazonosnosti BSSR (The Geological Structure and Petroleum Potential of the BSSR), Moscow: Nedra, 1966, pp. 210–236.

  18. Makhnach, A.S., Veretennikov, N.V., and Shkuratov, V.I., Stratigraphy of Upper Proterzozoic rocks in Belarus, Izv. AN SSSR. Ser. Geol., 1975, no. 3, pp. 90–103.

  19. Makhnach, A.S., Veretennikov, N.V., Shkuratov, V.I., and Bordon, V.E., Rifei i vend Belorussii (The Riphean and Vendian in Belarus), Minsk: Nauka Tekhn., 1976.

  20. Makhnach, A.S., Ol’khovik, E.T., and Bordon, V.E., Geokhimiya venda Belorussii (The Vendian Geochemistry in Belarus), Minsk: Nauka Tekhn., 1982.

  21. Maslov, A.V., Podkovyrov, V.N., and Graunov, O.V., Provenances of fine-grained alumosiliciclastic material for the Vendian and Early Cambrian sedimentary rocks of the west of the East European Plate: some lithogeochemical constraints, Strat. Geol. Correl., 2024, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. McLennan, S.M., Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements, Rev. Miner. Geochem., 1989, vol. 21, pp. 169–200.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. McLennan, S.M., Taylor, S.R., McCulloch, M.T., and Maynard, J.B., Geochemical and Nd−Sr isotopic composition of deep-sea turbidites: crustal evolution and plate tectonic associations, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1990, vol. 54, pp. 2015–2050.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. McLennan, S.M., Hemming, S.R., McDaniel, D.K., and Hanson, G.N., Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance and tectonics, in Processes Controlling the Composition of Clastic Sediments, Johnsson, M.J. and Basu, A., Eds., Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap.,1993, no. 284, pp. 21–40.

  25. Paleogeografiya i litologiya venda i kembriya zapada Vostochno-Evropeiskoi platformy (The Vendian–Cambrian Paleogeography and Lithology in the Western East European Platform), Keller, B.M. and Rozanov, A.Yu., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Paszkowski, M., Budzyn, B., Mazur, S., et al., Detrital zircon U–Pb and Hf constraints on provenance and timing of deposition of the Mesoproterozoic to Cambrian sedimentary cover of the East European Craton, Belarus, Precambr. Res., 2019, vol. 331, p. 105352.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Pettijohn, F.J., Potter, P.E., and Siever, R., Sand and Sandstone, New York: Springer, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pourmand, A., Dauphas, N., and Ireland, T.J., A novel extraction chromatography and MC-ICP-MS technique for rapid analysis of REE, Sc and Y: Revising CI-chondrite and Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) abundances, Chem. Geol., 2012, vol. 291, pp. 38–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Roy, D.K. and Roser, B.P., Climatic control on the composition of Carboniferous–Permian Gondwana sediments, Khalaspir basin, Bangladesh, Gondwana Res., 2013, vol. 23, pp. 1163–1171.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Rudnick, R.L. and Gao, S., Composition of the continental crust, in The Crust, Rudnick, R.L., Holland, H.D., and Turekian, K.K., Eds., Oxford: Elsevier Pergamon, 2003, pp. 1–64 (Treatise on Geochemistry, vol. 3.)

  31. Sistematika i klassifikatsiya osadochnykh porod i ikh analogov (Systematics and Classification of Sedimentary Rocks and Their Analogs), Shvanov, V.N., Ed., St. Petersburg: Nedra, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Środoń, J., Gerdes, A., Kramers, J., and Bojanowski, M.J., Age constraints of the Sturtian glaciation on western Baltica based on U-Pb and Ar-Ar dating of the Lapichi Svita, Precambrian Res., 2022, vol. 371, p. 106595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Stratigraficheskie skhemy dokembriiskikh i fanerozoiskikh otlozhenii Belarusi. (Stratigraphic Schemes of Precambrian and Phanerozic Deposits in Belarus), Minsk: BelNIGRI, 2010, Explanatory Note.

  34. Strel’tsova, G.D., Laptsevich, A.G., and Kuzmenkova, O.F., Riphean deposits in eastern Belarus, Aktual’nye problemy nauk o Zemle: issledovaniya transgranichnykh region (Important Problems in Earth Sciences: Study of the Transboundary Region), Brest: BGU, 2023, pp. 200–203.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Taylor, S.R. and McLennan, S.M., The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution, Oxford: Blackwell, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Tostevin, R., Shields, G.A., Tarbuck, G.M., et al., Effective use of cerium anomalies as a redox proxy in carbonate-dominated marine settings, Chem. Geol., 2016, vol. 438, pp. 146–162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T.J., Lyons, T., and Riboulleau, A., Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: An update, Chem. Geol., 2006, vol. 232, pp. 12–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Van de Kamp, P.C., Potassium distribution and metasomatism in pelites and schists: how and when? Relation to postdepositional events, J. Sediment. Res., 2016, vol. 86, pp. 683–711.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Van der Weijden, C.H., Pitfalls of normalization of marine geochemical data using a common divisor, Mar. Geol., 2002, vol. 184, pp. 167–187.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Yudovich, Ya.E., Blast from the past, Vestn. Inst. Geol. Komi Nauchn. Tsentra Ural. Otd. RAN, 2007, no. 5, pp. 25–33.

  41. Yudovich, Ya.E. and Ketris, M.P., Osnovy litokhimii (Fundamentals of Lithochemistry), St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2000.

  42. Yudovich, Ya.E., Ketris, M.P., and Rybina, N.V., Geokhimiya fosfora (Geochemistry of Phosphiorus), Syktyvkar: IG Komi NTs UrO RAN, 2020.

  43. Zaitseva T.S., Kuzmenkova O.F., Kuznetsov A.B., et al. The U–Th–Pb Age of Detrital Zircon from the Riphean Sandstones of the Volyn–Orsha Paleotrough, Belarus, Strat. Geol. Correl. 2023, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 390–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

During the manuscript preparation, fragments proposed by O.F. Kuzmenkova and A.G. Laptsevich were taken into account and added to the text with corresponding references. The authors are grateful to G.D. Streltsova and S.S. Mankevich for the help in selecting drill core samples, as well as to anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions made it possible to improve the style and presentation of the material. Illustrations for the article were prepared by N.S. Glushkova.

Funding

This work was accomplished under state tasks of Geological Institute, Moscow (project no. FMMG-2023-0004, lithogeochemical investigation), Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, St. Petersburg (FMUW-2021-0003, collection of samples, their primary description and preparation for analytical studies) and Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Yekaterinburg (FUMZ-2023-0008, interpretation of lithochemical data based on approaches developed under the current project).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Maslov

  2. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620110, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    O. Yu. Melnichuk

  3. Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. B. Kuznetsov & V. N. Podkovyrov

Authors
  1. A. V. Maslov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. O. Yu. Melnichuk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. B. Kuznetsov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. N. Podkovyrov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. V. Maslov.

Ethics declarations

The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by D. Sakya

Publisher’s Note.

Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Maslov, A.V., Melnichuk, O.Y., Kuznetsov, A.B. et al. Lithogeochemistry of Upper Precambrian Terrigenous Rocks in Belarus: Communication 1. Bulk Chemical Composition, General Features, and Anomalies. Lithol Miner Resour 59, 357–380 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0024490224700627

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0024490224700627

Keywords:

Search

Navigation