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Fibrin Coating Contributes to the Retention of the Endothelial Layer in Pulsating Flow

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Abstract

The presence of a modifying coating based on extracellular matrix proteins on the inner surface of vascular prostheses is known to enhance endothelial cell adhesion and prevent detachment under pulsating flow conditions. This coating effectively reduces the risk of thrombosis and plays a critical role in determining implantation outcomes. Although proteins like collagen, fibrin, and fibrinogen are commonly used as coatings to improve cell adhesion, their relative effectiveness remains uncertain. Objective: This study aims to identify the optimal coating, based on extracellular matrix proteins, that preserves prosthesis functionality and maintains endothelial layer integrity under pulsating flow conditions. Methods: Scaffolds and vascular prostheses were fabricated using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and poly(ε-caprolactonone) through an electrospinning process. These structures were then modified with collagen I, fibronectin, or fibrin. Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were seeded onto the protein-modified electrospun samples and cultured under both static and dynamic conditions. After a 3-day incubation under static conditions, cell viability, metabolic and proliferative activity, as well as adhesive properties, were evaluated. Adhesive properties were assessed by analyzing the area occupied by the focal adhesion protein paxillin. Cell retention was determined by comparing cell density on the inner surface of 4 mm diameter vascular prostheses after a 7-day incubation, both under pulsating flow conditions and static conditions. Results: Cell metabolic activity, viability, number, proliferation, and the area occupied by the focal adhesion protein paxillin were found to be significantly higher in samples coated with fibrin compared to those coated with collagen I and fibrinogen. The cell density (cells/cm2) of ECFCs on the inner surface of fibrin-coated prostheses showed no significant difference between dynamic and static conditions. In contrast, collagen and fibronectin coatings resulted in approximately half the cell density under pulsating flow conditions compared to static conditions. Conclusion: The fibrin coating demonstrated superior biological activity, adhesive properties, and preservation of the endothelial layer under both static and pulsating flow conditions, as compared to collagen I and fibronectin coatings. Consequently, the utilization of fibrin coating emerges as a promising option for modifying the inner surface of vascular prostheses.

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Funding

The study was carried out within the framework of the fundamental theme of the RICICD no. 0419-2022-0001 “Molecular, cellular and biomechanical mechanisms of pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases in the development of new methods of treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system on the basis of personalized pharmacotherapy, introduction of minimally invasive medical devices, biomaterials and tissue-engineered implants”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Institute of Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia

    V. G. Matveeva, E. A. Velikanova, L. V. Antonova & L. S. Barbarash

Authors
  1. V. G. Matveeva
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  2. E. A. Velikanova
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  3. L. V. Antonova
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  4. L. S. Barbarash
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Contributions

Idea of work and planning the experiment (M.V.G., V.E.A.), data collection and processing (M.V.G., V.E.A.), writing article (M.V.G.), article discussion and editing (M.V.G., A.L.V., B.L.S.)

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. G. Matveeva.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

This article does not contain any research using animals as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human subjects conformed to the ethical standards of the national research ethics committee and the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions or comparable ethical standards. Informed voluntary consent was obtained from each of the participants included in the study. The study was approved by the Local Ethical Committee of the Research Institute of Complex Issue of Cardiovascular Diseases (protocol no. 4/1 dated April 18, 2022).

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by A. Dyomina

Russian Text © The Author(s), 2023, published in Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2023, Vol. 109, No. 7, pp. 975–989https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869813923070087.

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Matveeva, V.G., Velikanova, E.A., Antonova, L.V. et al. Fibrin Coating Contributes to the Retention of the Endothelial Layer in Pulsating Flow. J Evol Biochem Phys 59, 1320–1330 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093023040245

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