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Motor Synergies in the Control System of Complex Sports Balance Postures

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Abstract

The paper presents the motor synergies’ structure at the muscular and kinematic levels of their study during performing various sports balance postures. The features of the formation and modification of synergetic modules depending on the motor task are considered. An attempt is made to combine some computational aspects applied according of various concepts of synergetic control. The tools for identifying and analyzing synergy parameters included regression analysis and data factorization methods. It has been established that differing in biomechanical structure balance exercises can be realized using common patterns of kinematic synergies spatial organization, however, at the muscular level, the existence of common spatial activation profiles is not obvious. The presence of several different time patterns of synergy activation in the structure of each balance exercise has been revealed, which may be associated with various motor control strategies in the central nervous system. The structure of kinematic synergies may be influenced by artificial degrees of freedom restriction, unrelated to central control processes. It is shown that the inclusion of the concept of “variables’ area” in the motor control modular organization theory contributes to the convergence of existing motor control concepts based on synergy principle.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors express their gratitude to the employees of the Research Institute of Sports and Recreational Physical Culture Problems of Velikolukskaya State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports A.M. Pukhov, V.V. Markevich, S.M. Ivanov for their help in organizing and conducting the research.

Funding

Funding was provided as part of the scheduled work of the Velikiye Luki State Academy of Physical Education and Sports.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Velikiye Luki State Academy of Physical Education and Sports, Velikiye Luki, Russia

    S. A. Moiseev & E. A. Mikhaylova

Authors
  1. S. A. Moiseev
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  2. E. A. Mikhaylova
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Contributions

S.A.M.—planning, organizing, and conducting experiments, recording and analyzing the data collected, data processing, preparation of the manuscript text; E.A.M.—participating in conducting experiments, writing and editing the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. A. Moiseev.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

This article does not contain any research using animals as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human subjects conform to the ethical standards of the National Research Ethics Committee and the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions or comparable ethical standards. Informed voluntary consent was obtained from each of the participants included in the study. Minutes of the Local Ethics Committee Meeting at Velikiye Luki State Academy of Physical Education and Sports no. 4 dated 22.01.2023.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by A. Dyomina

Russian Text © The Author(s), 2023, published in Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I.M. Sechenova, 2023, Vol. 109, No. 5, pp. 612–628https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869813923050060.

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Moiseev, S.A., Mikhaylova, E.A. Motor Synergies in the Control System of Complex Sports Balance Postures. J Evol Biochem Phys 59, 841–854 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093023030171

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