Abstract—
We have optimized conditions for the flux growth of the RAl3(BO3)4 (R = Y, Nd, Gd, Lu) and RMgB5O10 (R = Y, La, Gd) rare-earth borates and measured the thermal conductivity of YAl3(BO3)4, NdAl3(BO3)4, GdAl3(BO3)4, LuAl3(BO3)4, and LaMgB5O10 crystals. The results strongly suggest that these materials are potentially attractive for use as laser gain elements.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Mills, A.D., Crystallographic data for new rare earth borate compounds, RX3(BO3)4, Inorg. Chem., 1962, vol. 1, pp. 960–961.
Ballman, A.A., A new series of synthetic borates isostructural with the carbonate mineral huntite, Am. Mineral., 1962, vol. 47, pp. 1380–1383.
Leonyuk, N.I. and Leonyuk, L.I., Growth and characterization of RM3(BO3)4 crystals, Prog. Cryst. Growth Charact., 1995, vol. 31, nos. 3–4, pp. 179–278.https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-8974(96)83730-2
Dekker, P., Dawes, J.M., Piper, J.A., Liu, Y., and Wang, J.A., 1.1 W CW self-frequency-doubled diode-pumped Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser, Opt. Commun., 2001, vol. 195, nos. 5–6, pp. 431–436.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0030-4018(01)01347-5
Jiang, H., Li, J., Wang, J., Hu, X.B., Liu, H., Teng, B., Zhang, Ch.Q., Dekker, P., and Wang, P., Growth of Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystals and their optical and self-frequency-doubling properties, J. Cryst. Growth, 2001, vol. 233, nos. 1–2, pp. 248–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(01)01562-7
Li, J., Xu, G., Han, S., Fan, J., and Wang, J., Growth and optical properties of self-frequency-doubling laser crystal Yb:LuAl3(BO3)4, J. Cryst. Growth, 2009, vol. 311, no. 17, pp. 4251–4254.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.05.036
Leonyuk, N.I., Maltsev, V.V., Volkova, E.A., Pilipenko, O.V., Koporulina, E.V., Kisel, V.E., Tolstik, N.A., Kurilchik, S.V., and Kuleshov, N.V., Crystal growth and laser properties of new RAl3(BO3)4 (R = Yb, Er) crystals, Opt. Mater., 2007, vol. 30, pp. 161–163.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2006.11.017
Tolstik, N.A., Kurilchik, S.V., Kisel, V.E., Kuleshov, N.V., Maltsev, V.V., Pilipenko, O.V., Koporulina, E.V., and Leonyuk, N.I., Efficient 1 W continuous-wave diode-pumped Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser, Opt. Lett., 2007, vol. 32, no. 22, pp. 3233–3235.https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.32.003233
Lagatsky, A.A., Sibbett, W., Kisel, V.E., Troshin, A.E., Tolstik, N.A., Kuleshov, N.V., Leonyuk, N.I., Zhukov, A.E., and Rafailov, E.U., Diode-pumped passively mode-locked Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser at 1.5–1.6 μm, Opt. Lett., 2008, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 83–85.https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.33.000083
Kisel, V.E., Gorbachenya, K.N., Yasukevich, A.S., Ivashko, A.M., Kuleshov, N.V., Maltsev, V.V., and Leonyuk, N.I., Passively Q-switched microchip Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 diode-pumped laser, Opt. Lett., 2012, vol. 37, no. 13, pp. 2745–2747.https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.37.002745
Gorbachenya, K.N., Kisel, V.E., Yasukevich, A.S., Maltsev, V.V., Leonyuk, N.I., and Kuleshov, N.V., Highly efficient continuous-wave diode-pumped Er,Yb:GdAl3(BO3)4 laser, Opt. Lett., 2013, vol. 38, no. 14, pp. 2446–2448.https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.002446
Maltsev, V.V., Leonyuk, N.I., Naprasnikov, D.A., Gorbachenya, K.N., Kisel, V.E., Yasukevich, A.S., and Kuleshov, N.V., Flux growth and laser-related spectroscopic properties of (Er,Yb):LuAl3(BO3)4 crystals, CrystEngComm, 2016, vol. 18, pp. 2725–2734.https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CE00281A
Dorozhkin, L.M., Kuratev, I.I., Leonyuk, N.I., Timchenko, T.I., and Shestakov, A.V., Second harmonic generation in (Nd,Y)Al3(BO3)4 crystals, a new nonlinear active medium, Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 1981, vol. 7, no. 21, pp. 1297–1299.
Saubat, B., Vlasse, M., and Fouassier, C., Synthesis and structural study of the new rare earth magnesium borates LnMgB5O10 (Ln = La, …, Er), J. Solid State Chem., 1980, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 271–277.https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(80)90425-9
Chen, H., Huang, Y., Li, B., Liao, W., Zhang, G., and Lin, Z., Efficient orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Nd:LaMgB5O10 laser, Opt. Lett., 2015, vol. 40, no. 20, pp. 4659–4662.https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.40.004659
Huang, Y., Zhou, W., Sun, S., Yuan, F., Zhang, L., Zhao, W., Wang, G., and Lin, Z., Growth, structure, spectral and laser properties of Yb3+:LaMgB5O10—a new laser material, CrystEngComm, 2015, vol. 17, pp. 7392–7397.https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CE01443C
Sokolova, E.V., Azizov, A.V., Leonyuk, N.I., Simonov, M.A., and Belov, N.V., Crystal structure of synthetic Al-ortho-3-borate, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1978, vol. 243, no. 3, pp. 655–658.
Huang, Y., Chen, H., Sun, S., Yuan, F., Zhang, L., Lin, Z., Zhang, G., and Wang, G., Growth, thermal, spectral and laser properties of Nd3+:LaMgB5O10 crystal—a new promising laser material, J. Alloys Compd., 2015, vol. 646, pp. 1083–1088.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.196
Huang, Y., Sun, S., Yuan, F., Zhang, L., and Lin, Z., Spectroscopic properties and continuous-wave laser operation of Er3+:Yb3+:LaMgB5O10 crystal, J. Alloys Compd., 2017, vol. 695, pp. 215–220.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.10.115
Huang, Y., Yuan, F., Sun, S., Lin, Z., and Zhang, L., Thermal, spectral and laser properties of Er3+:Yb3+:GdMgB5O10: a new crystal for 1.5 μm lasers, Materials, 2018, vol. 11, no. 25, pp. 2–9.https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11010025
Novozhilov, V.I., Leonyuk, N.I., Terekhova, V.M., and Samoilovich, M.I., EPR of trivalent lead in synthetic YAl3(BO3)4 crystals, Zh. Strukt. Khim., 1979, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 929–931.
Koporulina, E.V., Leonyuk, N.I., Barilo, S.N., Kurnevich, L.A., Bychkov, G.L., Mokhov, A.V., Bocelli, G., and Righi, L., Flux growth, composition, structural and thermal characteristics of (RxY1 –x)Al3(BO3)4 (R = Nd, Gd; x = 1, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, and 0.75) crystals, J. Cryst. Growth, 1999, vols. 198–199, pp. 460–465.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(98)01228-7
Levin, E.M., Roth, E.S., and Martin, J.B., Polymorphism of ABO3 type rare earth borates, Am. Mineral., 1961, vol. 46, pp. 1030–1055.
Fang, S., Liu, H., and Ye, N., Growth and thermophysical properties of nonlinear optical crystal LuAl3(BO3)4, Cryst. Growth Des., 2011, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 5048–5052.https://doi.org/10.1021/cg2009418
Li, J., Li, Q., Wang, J., Zhao, H., and Liang, X., Growth, thermal and optical properties of Yb:GdYAl3(BO3)4, Opt. Mater., 2007, vol. 29, no. 12, pp. 1741–1745.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2006.09.019
Pilipenko, O.V., Maltsev, V.V., Leonyuk, N.I., et al., Flux growth and thermal conductivity of rare-earth aluminum orthoborate crystals, FIS Conf. on Crystal Growth, Kharkiv, 2012, p. 155.
Funding
The experiments aimed at optimizing the growth conditions and measuring the thermal conductivity of the borate crystals were supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant nos. 18-05-01085a (yttrium aluminum and neodymium aluminum borates) and 18-29-12091mk (GdAl3(BO3)4 and LuAl3(BO3)4).
The investigation of the growth conditions and thermal conductivity of the LaMgB5O10 crystals was supported in part by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 19-12-00235.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by O. Tsarev
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maltsev, V.V., Volkova, E.A., Mitina, D.D. et al. Growth and Thermophysical Properties of RAl3(BO3)4 (R = Y, Nd, Gd, Lu) and RMgB5O10 (R = Y, La, Gd) Crystals. Inorg Mater 56, 612–625 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168520060084
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168520060084