Abstract
The impurity composition of germane has been studied by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We have determined permanent gases, C1–C9 hydrocarbons, fluorine- and chlorine-containing and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, hydrogen sulfide, germane homologs, alkyl derivatives of germane, and chlorogermane. The content of some impurities in high-pure germane is 2 × 10–6 to 1 × 10–3 vol %. The detection limits for impurities lie in the range 4 × 10–8 to 5 × 10–5 vol %.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Devyatykh, G.G., Trudy po khimii i khimicheskoi tekhnologii (Works in Chemistry and Chemical Technology), Gor’kii, 1962, part 2.
Scott Specialty Gases. http://www.scottsemicon.com. Accessed May 20, 2014.
Matheson TriGas. http://www.mathesongas.com. Accessed May 20, 2014.
Praxair. http://www.praxair.com. Accessed May 20, 2014.
Devyatykh, G.G., Karpov, Yu.A., and Osipova, L.I., Vystavka-kollektsiya veshchestv osoboi chistoty (Exhibition–Collection of Extrapure Substances), Moscow: Nauka, 2003.
Devyatykh, G. G. and Zorin, A.D., Letuchie neorganicheskie gidridy osoboi chistoty (Extrapure Volatile Inorganic Hydrides), Moscow: Nauka, 1974.
Devyatykh, G.G., Zasavitskii, I.I., Il’in, V.M., et al., Tunable-laser-diode IRspectrometer for molecular analysis of high-purity volatiles, Vysokochist. Veshchestva, 1990, no. 6, pp. 106–114.
Krivtsun, V.M., Kuritsyn, Yu.A., Snegirev, E.P., et al., Measurement of Low PH3 Concentrations in GeH4 with a Tunable-Laser-Diode Spectrometer, Zh. Prikl. Spektrosk., 1985, vol. 63, pp. 571–576.
Sennikov, P.G., Kosheleva, I.A., Bulanov, A.D., et al., Impurity composition of isotopically enriched germane studied by high-resolution Fourier transform IRspectroscopy, Perspekt. Mater., 2011, no. 10, pp. 93–98.
Ezheleva, A.E., Baturina, N.M., Krylov, V.A., et al., Gas chromatographic determination of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide impurities in high-purity monogermane using selective electron capture sensitization, Vysokochist. Veshchestva, 1989, no. 4, pp. 231–235.
Ezheleva, A.E., Snopatin, G.E., and Malygina, L.S., Application of a flame-photometric detector in chromatographic analysis of high-purity volatile inorganic hydrides, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1979, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 2308–2311.
Krylov, V.A., Krasotskii, S.G., Malyshev, V.M., and Salganskii, Yu.M., Cryogenic preconcentration of hydrogen, argon, oxygen, and nitrogen in the gas chromatographic determination of their impurities in volatile inorganic hydrides, J. Anal. Chem., 2001, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 996–1001.
Zorin, A.D., Frolov, I.A., Karabanov, N.T., et al., Chromatographic analysis of silane and germane for organic impurities, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1970, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 389–391.
Vorotyntsev, V.M., Mochalov, G.M., Suvorov, S.S., and Shishkin, A.O., Gas-chromatographic determination of the impurity composition of permanent gases, methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in extrapure monogermane, J. Anal. Chem., 2010, vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 634–639.
Nikolaeva, L. G. and Agafonov, I.L., Determination of impurities in extrapure volatile inorganic substances by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography, in Poluchenie i analiz veshchestv osoboi chistoty (Preparation and Analysis of Extrapure Substances), Moscow: Nauka, 1978, pp. 168–174.
Zhigach, A. F. and Stasinevich, D.S., Khimiya gidridov (Chemistry of Hydrides), Leningrad: Khimiya, 1969.
Berezkin, V.G., Korolev, A.A., and Khotimskii, V.S., Polytrimethylsilylpropyne as a chromatographic adsorbent in capillary gas chromatography, Dokl. Phys. Chem., 2000, vol. 370, nos. 1–3, pp. 1–4.
Krylov, V.A., Chernova, O.Yu., and Sozin, A.Yu., Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry identification of impurities in isotopically enriched silane, Mass-Spektrom., 2007, no. 4, pp. 125–130.
Kelen, G.P., The mass spectra of monoand digermane, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1960, vol. 69, pp. 504–516.
Agafonov, I. L. and Devyatykh, G.G., Mass-spektrometricheskii analiz gazov i parov osoboi chistoty (Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Extrapure Gases and Vapors), Moscow: Nauka, 1980.
Lebedev, A.T., Mass-spektrometriya v organicheskoi khimii (Mass Spectrometry in Organic Chemistry), Moscow: BINO M. Laboratoriya Znanii, 2003.
Krylov, V.A., Sozin, A.Yu., Zorin, V.A., et al., Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry determination of impurities in high-purity isotopically enriched silane, Mass-Spektrom., 2008, vol. 4, pp. 225–233.
Fitch, W.L., Calculation of relative electron impact total ionization cross sections for organic molecules, Anal. Chem., 1983, vol. 55, pp. 832–835.
Osnovy analiticheskoi khimii (Principles of Analytical Chemistry), Zolotov, Yu.A., Ed., Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola, 2000.
Charykov, A.K., Matematicheskaya obrabotka rezul’tatov khimicheskogo analiza. Metody obnaruzheniya i otsenki oshibok (Mathematical Processing of Chemical Analysis Data: Error Detection and Evaluation), Leningrad: Khimiya, 1984.
Devyatykh, G.G., Krylov, V.A., Krasotskii, S.G., et al., Effect of the gas permeability of polytetrafluoroethylene on the accuracy of gas chromatographic determination of permanent gases in high-purity volatiles, Vysokochist. Veshchestva, 1988, no. 6, pp. 173–177.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.A. Krylov, O.Yu. Chernova, A.Yu. Sozin, 2015, published in Neorganicheskie Materialy, 2015, Vol. 51, No. 10, pp. 1047–1053.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Krylov, V.A., Chernova, O.Y. & Sozin, A.Y. Composition of molecular impurities in high-pure germane. Inorg Mater 51, 965–971 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168515090113
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168515090113