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Statistical Analysis of the Critical Frequency foF2 Dependence on Various Solar Activity Indices

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Abstract

A description of the ionospheric F2-layer critical frequency foF2 dependence on solar activity by various indices (proxies) has been analyzed. The results of the vertical ionospheric sounding at the Juliusruh station during 2 winter months (January and February), 2 equinox months (March and October), and a summer month (June) are considered. Five solar proxies: Ly-α, MgII, Rz, F30, and F10.7 have been analyzed. The changes in foF2 are compared to the corresponding changes in 1957–1980. The determination coefficient R2 according to the Fisher F-test is used as a measure of the quality of the description of the foF2 dependence on SA by each of the proxies. It has been found that a well-pronounced diurnal variation in the R2 value is observed in winter months: this is higher at the near-noon hours than at night. In other words, all indices describe the foF2 behavior better in the daytime than at night. A well-pronounced diurnal variation in R2 is also observed for four proxies in the equinoctial months, whereas that variation is pronounced much less for Rz: a strong scatter of the R2 values is seen. A diurnal variation in the R2 is absent completely in June: jumps from one hour to another are observed. This analysis allows us to conclude that the most reliable SA proxies for description of the foF2 dependence on SA at all LT hours are MgII, F30, and Ly-α.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The solar indices values were taken from the LISIRD site (https://lasp.colorado.edu). The authors thank A.V. Konstantinova for calculations of the foF2 monthly medians.

Funding

This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Geophysics, Moscow, Russia

    A. D. Danilov

  2. Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    N. A. Berbeneva

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  1. A. D. Danilov
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  2. N. A. Berbeneva
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Correspondence to A. D. Danilov.

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Translated by A. Danilov

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Danilov, A.D., Berbeneva, N.A. Statistical Analysis of the Critical Frequency foF2 Dependence on Various Solar Activity Indices. Geomagn. Aeron. 63, 584–594 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793223600480

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