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On the Transient Response of the Troposphere and Ionosphere during Annular Solar Eclipse Using Radio Signal Analysis

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Abstract

On June 21, 2020 an annual solar eclipse was experienced over few parts of the globe. The solar eclipse introduces perturbations in the processes of troposphere and ionosphere. Aim of this research is to find the transient response of the surface level, troposphere and ionosphere during this eclipse using radio data. This analysis has detected that during the eclipse there is an increase in the surface pressure by 1.523 mb, and decrease in temperature by 1.11°C, decrease in pressure at higher tropospheric altitude and increase in lapse rate of the air parcel. At this, change in the stability indices in presence of monsoonal coupling is detected. Sum of Kp is resulted highest and the Dst index is varied as ± 10 nT. Effect of eclipse at the geomagnetic field is found from the estimation of Sq current with the removal of effect of ring current. Negative variation in the X-component and positive variations in the Y- and Z-components of the magnetic field in the eclipse day w.r.t. quiet day are found as –6.5 nT, +13. 4 nT and +16.2 nT respectively. The anomalies in the daily variation of horizontal component and ionospheric current density between eclipse and quiet day response are found as –5.32 nT and 10.738 mA/m2 respectively. High to Moderate correlation between the Dst and TEC variation is obtained. Momentary decrease in TEC top % by 1.1401, depression in TEC mean by 0.047 and decrease in standard deviation and mean of Ne and TEC top % in the F2 layer are noted. Latitude dependency of the ionospheric transients is also detected from the lead and lag of the eclipse time. Favorable conditions for the formation of acoustic gravity wave are also identified from the joint variations of the atmospheric layers.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We sincerely acknowledge all the data sources viz. Wyoming University, GFZ-Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, World Data Centre for Geomagnetism-Kyoto: University of Kyoto, INTERMAGNET, Goddard Space Flight Canter- NASA, Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) science centre, NASA and DSCOVER, NOAA, IRI-2016, India Meteorological Department for using part of their relevant data in this work. We also acknowledge JIS University authorities for constant support and encouragement. We are giving our sincere thanks to the anonymous reviewer for the valuable suggestions regarding this work.

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  1. Department of Physics, JIS University, 700109, Kolkata, India

    A. Banerjee & R. Bhattacharya

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Correspondence to A. Banerjee or R. Bhattacharya.

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Banerjee, A., Bhattacharya, R. On the Transient Response of the Troposphere and Ionosphere during Annular Solar Eclipse Using Radio Signal Analysis. Geomagn. Aeron. 62 (Suppl 1), S142–S158 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222100048

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