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The Effect of Interruption of “Serpentine Emission” (SE) in the Polar Cap during Geomagnetic Storm Sudden Commencements (SSC)

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Abstract

The behavior of the carrier frequency of electromagnetic emission in a range of 0.1–5 Hz of the “serpentine emission” (SE) type, which is observed in the polar cap region during geomagnetic storm sudden commencements (SSC), is studied. The unique analog magnetic records of the Vostok Antarctic observatory (corrected geomagnetic coordinates Φ' = –85.41°, Λ' = 69.01°), which have been digitized at high resolution (20 Hz) and are freely available on the website of the World Data Center for the Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Moscow, are used for the analysis. It is found that at the time of SSC at the Vostok observatory, a noise broadband electromagnetic emission was observed in the Pc1–2 range with a sharp edge, which led to a violation of the SE generation mode. The disruption of the SE excitation manifested itself in the interruption of the carrier frequency of emission with the subsequent renewal. In this paper, 92 cases of SSC observations were studied, for which the SE recording data were available. The effect of SE interruption during SSC was noted in more than 80% of cases, regardless of the fact whether or not a geomagnetic storm subsequently developed and of the storm intensity. The “serpentine emission” that lasted continuously for hours and even days was interrupted at the SSC moment in the dominant number of cases for approximately 2–3 h, which is significantly less than the average duration of the main phase and the duration of the storm itself. It is shown that the SE carrier frequency gradually decreased approximately 2 h before the SSC moment. It is assumed that an interplanetary disturbance, following the shock wave front, excites a broadband noise emission in the polar cap, which violates the SE generation mode.

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6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to the staff of the World Data Center for Solar-Terrestrial Physics (Moscow) for providing open access to the unique high-resolution digital data on the magnetic field recording at the Antarctic Vostok observatory. The authors are also grateful to the creators of the OMNI database (Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, USA) and the Word Data Center for Geomagnetism (Kyoto) for the possibility of using parameters of solar wind, IMF, and data on the Kp, AE, and Dst indices.

Funding

The work was carried out within the State Assignment of the Borok Geophysical Observatory of the Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Borok Geophysical Observatory, Branch of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742, Borok, Yaroslavle oblast, Russia

    N. A. Kurazhkovskaya & B. I. Klain

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  1. N. A. Kurazhkovskaya
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  2. B. I. Klain
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Correspondence to N. A. Kurazhkovskaya or B. I. Klain.

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Translated by M. Samokhina

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Kurazhkovskaya, N.A., Klain, B.I. The Effect of Interruption of “Serpentine Emission” (SE) in the Polar Cap during Geomagnetic Storm Sudden Commencements (SSC). Geomagn. Aeron. 62, 573–581 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793222040107

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