Abstract
A brief review of the current state of studies of long-term trends in the middle and upper atmosphere and ionosphere is presented. It is shown that the present trends in the density and temperature of the upper atmosphere and parameters of the ionospheric layers may lead to changes in the aforementioned spheres. It would be necessary to take into account these trends in applied problems related to planning space vehicle orbits, propagation of radio waves, measurements at low-orbiting satellites, and so on. It is emphasized that the Helio–Geophysical Service of the State Committee of Hydrometeorology, which supplies customers with information on the state of the upper atmosphere, ionosphere, and near-Earth space, should develop information products related to possible changes in atmospheric and ionospheric parameters caused by the presence of the long-term trends.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Beig, G., Overview of the mesospheric temperature trend and factors of uncertainty, Phys. Chem. Earth, 2002, vol. 27, pp. 509–519.
Beig, G., Advances in long-term trends in MLT region and its linkages to stratospheric ozone recovery, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Beig, G., Keckhut, P., Lowe, R.P., et al., Review of mesospheric temperature trends, Rev. Geophys., 2003, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 1015–1058.
Berger, U., Lubken, F-J., Baumgarten, G., and Feidler, J., Trends in mesospheric ice layers in the Northern Hemisphere during 1961–2013, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Danilov, A.D., Long-term trends in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere (a review), Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2012, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 271–291
Danilov, A.D., Seasonal and diurnal variations in foF2 trends, J. Geophys. Res., 2015, vol. 120. 10.1002/2014JA020971
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Behavior of parameters of the ionospheric F2 Layer at the turn of the centuries: 1, Critical frequency, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2013, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 345–355.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Reduction of the atomic oxygen content in the upper atmosphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2014, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 224–229.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Variations in foF2 trends with season and local time, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2015a, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 51–58.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Comparison of trends in parameters of the F2 layer obtained by various authors, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2015b, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 457–466.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Trends in the critical frequency foF2 after 2009, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2016a, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 302–310.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Long-term changes in the relation between foF2 and hmF2, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2016b, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 577–584.
Danilov, A.D. and Konstantinova, A.V., Long-term trends in parameters of ionospheric layers, Geliogeofiz. Issled., 2018, no. 17.
DeLand, M.T., Extending the long-term PMC record with OMPS data, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Emmert, J.T., Altitude and solar activity dependence of 1967–2005 thermospheric density trends derived from orbital drag, J. Geophys. Res., 2015, vol. 120, pp. 2940–2950. 10.1002/2015JA021047
Emmert, J.T., Picone, J.M., Lean, J.L., and Knowles, S.H., Global change in the thermosphere: Compelling evidence of a secular decrease in density, J. Geophys. Res., 2004, vol. 109, no. A2. 10.1029/2003JA010176
Fiedler, J., Baumgarten, G., Berger, U., and Lubken, F-J., Long-term variations of noctilucent clouds at ALOMAR, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Keating, G.M., Tolson, R.H., and Bradford, M.S., Evidence of long term global decline in the Earth’s thermospheric densities apparently related to anthropogenic effects, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2000, vol. 27, pp. 1523–1526.
Laštovička, J., A review of recent progress in trends in the upper atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 2017, vol. 163, pp. 2–13.
Laštovička, J., Akmaev, R.A., Beig, G., et al., Emerging pattern of global change in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere, Ann. Geophys., 2008, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1255–1268.
Latteck, R., Long-term changes of polar mesospheric summer echoes at Andoya, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Lean, J., Emmert, J.T., Picone, J.M., and Meier, R.R., Global and regional trends in ionospheric electron content, J. Geophys. Res., 2011, vol. 116, A00H04, pp. 267–268. 10.1029/2010JA016378
Marcos, F.A., Wise, J.O., Kendra, M.J., Grossbard, N.J., and Bowman, B.R., Detection of a long-term decrease in thermospheric neutral density, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2005, vol. 32, L04103. 10.1029/2004GL021269
Mikhailov, A.V. and Perrone, L., Geomagnetic control of the mid-latitude foF1 and foF2 long-term variations: Physical interpretation using European observations, J. Geophys. Res., 2005, vol. 121, pp. 7193–7203. 10.1002/2016JA022716
Mikhailov, A.V., Skoblin, M.G., and Forster, M., Daytime F2-layer positive storm effect at middle and lower latitudes, Ann. Geophys., 1995, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 532–540.
Perrone, L. and Mikhailov, A.V., Geomagnetic control of the midlatitude foF1 and foF2 long-term variations: Recent observations in Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 2016, vol. 121, pp. 7183–7192. 10.1002/2016JA022715
Qian, L., Roble, R.G., Solomon, S.C., and Kane, T.J., Calculated and observed climate change in the thermosphere, and a prediction for solar cycle 24, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2006, vol. 33, no. 23. 10.1029/2006GL027185
Sharma, S., Chandra, H., and Vaishnav, R., Long-term middle atmosphere trends observed by lidar and satellite over sub-tropical location during 1997–2016, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Solomon, S., Liu, H., March, D., McInerndy, J., Qian, L., and Vitt, F., Thermosphere–ionosphere response to atmospheric climate change modeled by WACCM-X, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Zhang, S.R., Holt, J.M., Erickson, P., Goncharenko, L., Nicolles, M., McCready, M., and Kelly, J., Strong ionospheric long-term cooling measured by multiple incoherent scatter radars, in 9th Workshop on Long-Term Changes and Trends in the Atmosphere, Kühlungsborn, Germany, 19–23 September, 2016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.D. Danilov, A.Yu. Repin, V.T. Minligareev, E.N. Khotenko, 2018, published in Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiya, 2018, Vol. 58, No. 4, pp. 509–516.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Danilov, A.D., Repin, A.Y., Minligareev, V.T. et al. Studies of Trends in the Upper Atmosphere for Improving Diagnosis and Forecasts in the Helio–Geophysical Service of the State Committee on Hydrometeorology. Geomagn. Aeron. 58, 493–500 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793218040047
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793218040047