Abstract
Cosmic ray (CR) fluxes, which penetrate into the Earth’s magnetosphere and atmosphere from the interplanetary space, are an important factor of space weather. The geomagnetic field allows or forbids CR particles to enter into a given point in the magnetosphere depending on their energy. The geomagnetic cutoff rigidity regulates the distribution of CR fluxes in the magnetosphere. The geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (geomagnetic threshold) determination accuracy is closely related to the accuracy of the magnetospheric model used in calculations. Using a method for tracing of charged CR particle trajectories in the magnetic field of a model magnetosphere, we obtained geomagnetic thresholds for two magnetosphere empirical models (Ts01 and Ts04), constructed based on the same initial database. The Ts01 model describes the middle magnetosphere for certain conditions in the solar wind and interplanetary field. The Ts04 model pays the main attention to describing the large-scale evolution of magnetospheric currents during a storm. The theoretically obtained geomagnetic thresholds have been compared with experimental thresholds, calculated using the spectrographic global survey method based on data from the global network of CR stations. The study has been performed for the period of a strong geomagnetic storm that occurred in November 2003.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dorman, L.I., Gushchina, R.G., Smart, D.F., and Shea, M.A., Effective Cut-Off Rigidities of Cosmic Rays, Moscow: Nauka, 1972.
Dvornikov, V.M. and Sdobnov, V.E., Modification of the Spectrographic Global Survey Method for Studying the Variations in the Planetary System of Geomagnetic Cutoff Rigidities, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSR, Ser. Fiz., 1991, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 1988–1991.
Dvornikov, V.M. and Sdobnov, V.E., Variations in the Rigidity Spectrum and Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays at the Period of Forbush Effect on 12–25 July, Int. J. Geomagn. Aeron., 2002, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 217–227.
Dvornikov, V.M., Sdobnov, V.E., and Sergeev, A.V., Spectrographic Global Survey Method for Studying the Variations in the Intensity of Interplanetary and Magnetospheric Cosmic Rays, in Variatsii kosmicheskikh luchei i issledovaniya kosmosa (Cosmic Ray Variations and Space Studies), Moscow: IZMIRAN, 1986, pp. 232–237.
McCracken, K.G., Rao, U.R., and Shea, M.A., The Trajectories of Cosmic Rays in a High Degree Simulation of the Geomagnetic Field, Cambridge: Lab. Nucl. Sci., 1962.
Shea, M.A., Smart, D.F., and McCracken, K.G., A Study of Vertical Cutoff Rigidities Using Sixth Degree Simulations of the Geomagnetic Field, J. Geophys. Res., 1965, vol. 70, no. 17, pp. 4117–4130.
Smart, D.F., Shea, M.A., and Fluckiger, E., Magnetospheric Models and Trajectory Computations, Space Sci. Rev., 2000, vol. 93, no. 1–2, pp. 305–333.
Tsyganenko, N.A., A Model of the Near Magnetosphere with a Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry: 1. Mathematical Structure, J. Geophys. Res., 2002a, vol. 107A, p. 1179; doi:10.1029/2001JA000219.
Tsyganenko, N.A., A Model of the Near Magnetosphere with a Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry: 2. Parametrization and Fitting to Observation, J. Geophys. Res., 2002b, vol. 107A, p. 1176; doi:10.1029/2001JA000220.
Tsyganenko, N.A. and Sitnov, M.I., 2005. Modeling the Dynamics of the Inner Magnetosphere during Strong Geomagnetic Storms, J. Geophys. Res., 2005, vol. 110, p. A03208; doi:10.1029/2004JA010798.
Tsyganenko, N.A., Singer, H.J., and Kasper, J.C., Storm-Time Distortion of the Inner Magnetosphere: How Severe Can It Get?, J. Geophys. Res., 2003, vol. 108A, p. 1209; doi:10.1029/2002JA009808.
Tyasto, M.I., Danilova, O.A., Dorman, L.I., Dvornikov, V.M., and Sdobnov, V.E., On the Possibility to Check the Magnetosphere Model by CR: The Strong Geomagnetic Storm in November 2003, Adv. Space Res., 2008, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1556–1563.
Tyasto, M.I., Danilova, O.A., Dvornikov, V.M., and Sdobnov, V.E., Reflection of the Solar Wind Parameters in the CR Geomagnetic Cutoff Rigidity before a Strong Magnetic Storm in November 2003, Geomagn. Aeron., 2008, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 723–740 [Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. transl.), 2008, vol. 48, pp. 691–709].
Yermolaev, Yu.I., Zelenyi, L.M., Zastenker, G.N., et al., Solar and Heliospheric Disturbances That Resulted in the Strongest Magnetic Storm of November 20, 2003, Geomagn. Aeron., 2005, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 23–50 [Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. transl.), 2005, vol. 45, pp. 20–46].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tyasto, M.I., Danilova, O.A. & Sdobnov, V.E. Cosmic ray geomagnetic cutoff rigidities in the magnetic field of two empirical models during a strong disturbance in November 2003: A comparison of models. Geomagn. Aeron. 52, 1087–1096 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793212080208
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793212080208