Skip to main content
Log in

Behavior of foF2 and hmF2 after sunset

  • Published:
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The time behavior of the foF2 and hmF2 values at the time moment T(ss + 2 h) 2 h after sunset is considered. It is assumed that at this moment, the horizontal winds in the thermosphere in the strongest way influence hmF2 and, therefore, foF2. It is found that a fairly well pronounced and statistically significant change (trend) is observed for the foF2(ss + 2)/foF2(14) ratio, the sign of the change being different for different stations and even different seasons at the same station. A similar picture is obtained for the value of hmF2(ss + 2). It is shown that a positive correlation between the trends of these two values is observed. This confirms the initial concept of the paper that the foF2 and hmF2 trends are caused by long-term trends in the thermospheric dynamics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Danilov, A.D. and Vanina-Dart, L.B., Long-Term Trends in the Ratio of the Daytime and Nighttime Values of foF2, Geomagn. Aeron., 2007, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 236–241 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2007, vol. 47, pp. 221–226].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D. and Vanina-Dart, L.B., Spatial and Time Variations in the foF2(night)/foF2(day) Ratio: Specification of Some Effects, Geomagn. Aeron., 2008, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 228–240 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2008, vol. 48, pp. 220–231].

    Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D., Time and Spatial Variations in the Ratio of Nighttime and Daytime Critical Frequencies of the F 2 Layer, Geomagn. Aeron., 2007, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 751–760 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2007, vol. 47, pp. 710–719].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D., Vanina-Dart, L.B., Scatter of hmF2 Values as an Indicator of Trends in the Thermospheric Dynamics, Geomagn. Aeron., 2009, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 58–62 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2009, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 53–57].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D., Vanina-Dart, L.B., Comparison of foF2 Values in the Daytime and after Sunset, Geomagn. Aeron., 2010a, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 61–66 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2010, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 58–63].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D., Vanina-Dart, L.B., Parameters of the Ionospheric F2 Layer as a Source of Information on Trends in Thermospheric Dynamics, Geomagn. Aeron., 2010b, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 195–208 [Geomagn. Aeron., 2010, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 187–200].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bremer, J., Trends over the ionospheric E and F Regions over Europe, Ann. Geophys., 1998, vol. 16, pp. 986–996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danilov, A.D., Progress in Studies of the Trends in the Ionosphere F Region, Phys. Chem. Earth (C), 2006, vol. 31, nos. 1–3, pp. 34–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laštovička, J. et al., Long-term Trends in foF2: a Comparison of Various Methods, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 2006, vol. 68, pp. 1854–1870.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laštovička, J., Akmaev, R.A., Beig, G., Bremer, J., Emmert, J.T., Lacobi, C., Jarvis, M.J., Nedoluha, G., Portnyagin, Yu.I., and Ulich, T., Emerging Pattern of Global Change in the Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere, Ann. Geophys., 2008, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1255–1268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laštovička, J., Long-term Trends in the Upper Atmosphere-Recent Progress. Paper Presented at the 11th Assembly of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (Sopron, Hungary, 23–30 August 2009).

  • Marin, D., Mikhailov, A.V., de la Morena, B.A., and Herraiz, M., Long-term hmF2 Trends in the Eurasian Longitudinal Sector on the Ground-based Ionospheric Observations, Ann. Geophys., 2001, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 761–772.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rishbeth, H., How the Thermospheric Circulation Affects the Ionospheric F2 Layer, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 1998, vol. 60, no. 14, pp. 1385–1402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shimazaki, T., World Wide Daily Variations in the Height of the Maximum Electron Density in the Ionospheric F2 Layer, J. Radio Res. Labs. (Japan), 1995, vol. 2, pp. 85–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ulich, T. and Turunen, E., Evidence for Long-term Cooling of the Upper Atmosphere in Ionospheric Data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1997, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 1103–1106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Original Russian Text © A.D. Danilov, L.B. Vanina-Dart, 2010, published in Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiya, 2010, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 825–832.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Danilov, A.D., Vanina-Dart, L.B. Behavior of foF2 and hmF2 after sunset. Geomagn. Aeron. 50, 796–803 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793210060113

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793210060113

Keywords

Navigation