Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Planetary features of aurorae: Results of the IGY (a review)

  • Published:
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the period of the International Geophysical Year (IGY), almost the entire planet was covered for the first time by ground-based geophysical observations. Their analysis led to two fundamental results: the existence of the auroral oval and auroral (magnetospheric) substorm. At the final stage of the IGY, satellite explorations of the near-Earth space began. The auroral luminosity appeared to be related to the plasma structure of the magnetosphere. That opened new possibilities for parameters diagnostics of the Earth’s magnetosphere on the basis of ground-based aurora observations. The concepts of auroral oval and magnetospheric substorm became paradigms of the new science of solar-terrestrial physics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • B.-H. Ahn and B. A. Emery, Climatological Characteristics of the Auroral Ionosphere (1999).

  • S.-I. Akasofu and A. L. Snyder, “Comments on the Growth Phase of Magnetospheric Substorm,” J. Geophys. Res. 77(31), 6275–6277 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S.-I. Akasofu and S. Chapman, “A Large Change in the Distribution of the Auroras during the 11 February 1958 Magnetic Storm,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 24, 740–742 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S.-I. Akasofu, “The Development of the Auroral Substorm,” Planet. Space Sci. 12(4), 273–282 (1964b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S.-I. Akasofu, “The Latitudinal Shift of the Auroral Belt,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 26(12), 1167–1174 (1964a).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S.-I. Akasofu, Exploring the Secrets of the Aurora (Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht, 2002).

    Google Scholar 

  • S.-I. Akasofu, Polar and Magnetospheric Substorms (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. N. Alekseev, V. A. Velichko, and Yu. A. Nadubovich, “Studying Luminosity Altitudes and Position of the Southern Boundary of the 6300 A Background Luminosity,” in Physics of the High-Latitude Upper Atmosphere (YaF SO AN, Yakutsk, 1975), No. 3, pp. 124–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • H. Alfven, Cosmical Electrodynamics (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1950), Chapter VI.

    Google Scholar 

  • D. A. Andrienko, “Determining Auroral Altitudes from Photographs,” Geomagn. Aeron. 5(3), 450–459 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • C. D. Anger and A. T. Y. Lui, “A Global View at the Polar Region on December 18, 1971,” Planet. Space Sci. 21(4), 873–878 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • “Auroral Visoplots,” in Annales of the IGY, Ed. by B. McInnes (Pergamon, 1964), Vol. 29, p. 506.

  • A. E. Belon, J. E. Maggs, T. N. Davis, et al., “Conjugacy of Visual Auroras during Magnetically Quiet Periods,” J. Geophys. Res. 74, 1–28 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. C. Bless, C. W. Gartlein, D. S. Kimball, and G. Sprague, “Auroras, Magnetic Bays and Protons,” J. Geophys. Res. 64, 949–953 (1959).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • F. R. Bond, “Motion of the Aurora and Magnetic Bays,” Aust. J. Phys. 13, 477–483 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Chapman, “The Aurora in Middle and Low Latitudes,” Ann. IGY 4, 25–40 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • T. A. Chubb and G. T. Hicks, “Observations of the Aurora in the Far Ultraviolet from OGO 4,” J. Geophys. Res. 75, 1290–1311 (1970).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. V. Dzhorzhio, “Electrophotometry in the Auroral Zone,” in Spectral, Electrophotometric, and Radar Studies of Auroras and Nightglow (Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1959), pp. 30–40 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • R. H. Eather and S. B. Mende, “Airborne Observations of Auroral Precipitation Patterns,” J. Geophys. Res. 76, 1746–1755 (1971).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. H. Eather, “Latitudinal Distributions of Auroral and Airglow Emissions: The “Soft” Auroral Zone,” J. Geophys. Res. 74, 153–158 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. H. Eather, S. B. Mende, and R. J. K. Judge, “Plasma Injection at Synchronous Orbit and Spatial and Temporal Auroral Morphology,” J. Geophys. Res. 81, 2805–2824 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. D. Elphinstone and D. J. Hearn, “The Auroral Distribution and Its Relation to Magnetospheric Processes,” Adv. Space Res. 13(4), 17–27 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. S. Evlashin and N. N. Shefov, “Auroras and Emissions in the Upper Atmosphere,” Zemlya Vselennaya, No. 4, 31–40 (2007).

  • L. S. Evlashin, “Certain Regularities in the Hydrogen Emission Behavior in Auroras,” Geomagn. Aeron. 3(3), 496–501 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein and G. V. Starkov, “Studies of Auroras,” Vestn. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 7, 17–25 (1970).

  • Y. I. Feldstein and N. F. Shevnina, “Visual Observations of Auroras during IGY,” Geomagn. Aeron. 3(4), 679–692 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein and Yu. I. Galperin, “Auroral Precipitation Structure in the Nightside Magnetosphere,” Kosm. Issled. 34(3), 227–247 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Geographic Distribution of Auroras and Auroral Arc Azimuths,” in Studies of Auroras (Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1960), pp. 61–78 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Geographic Distribution of Auroras in the Western Part of the Soviet Arctic Regions,” Probl. Arkt., No. 4, 45–49 (1958).

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Morphology of Auroras and Geomagnetism,” Polyarn. Siyaniya Svechenie Nochnogo Neba, No. 10, 121–125 (1963b).

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Certain Problems of the Morphology of Auroras and Magnetic Disturbances at High Latitudes,” Geomagn. Aeron. 3(2), 227–239 (1963a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “The Nighttime Position of the Auroral Oval on Magnetically Quiet Days,” Geomagn. Aeron. 6(5), 894–900 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Distribution of Auroras and Magnetic Disturbances at High Latitudes,” Polyarn. Siyaniya, No. 13, 98–118 (1967).

  • Y. I. Feldstein and G. V. Starkov, “Auroral Oval Planetary Energetic,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 33, 197–203 (1971).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein and G. V. Starkov, “Dynamics of Auroral Belt and Polar Geomagnetic Disturbances,” Planet. Space Sci. 15(2), 209–229 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein and Y. I. Galperin, “The Auroral Luminosity Structure in the High-Latitude Upper Atmosphere: Its Dynamics and Relationship to the Large-Scale Structure of the Earth’s Magnetosphere,” Rev. Geophys. 23(3), 217–275 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Formation of the Auroral Oval and Auroral Substorm Concepts After IGY,” in Proceedings of Conference on Substorms 2, Fairbanks, 1994, pp. 49–54.

  • Y. I. Feldstein, “Night-Time Aurora and Its Relation to the Magnetosphere,” Ann. Geophys. 30(2), 259–272 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, A. D. Shevnin, and G. V. Starkov, “Auroral Oval and Magnetic Field in the Tail of the Magnetosphere,” Ann. Geophys. 24(2), 1–3 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Feldstein, R. D. Elphinstone, D. J. Hern, et al., “Mapping of the Statistical Auroral Distribution into the Magnetosphere,” Can. J. Phys. 72, 266–269 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Galperin, I. A. Poluektov, and I. I. Sobel’man, “On the Flux and Energy Spectrum of Protons Responsible for the Hydrogen Emission: A Review,” Geomagn. Aeron. 6(4), 633–649 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Galperin, J. Kran’e, Yu. V. Lisakov, et al., “Diffuse Auroral Zone. I. Model of the Equatorward Boundary of the Auroral Electron Diffusion Precipitation Zone in the Dusk and Near-Midnight Sectors,” Kosm. Issled. 15, 421–432 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. I. Galperin and Y. I. Feldstein, “Auroral Luminosity and Its Relationship to Magnetospheric Plasma Domains,” in Auroral Physics, Ed. by C.-I. Meng, M. Rycroft, and L. Frank (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1991), pp. 207–227.

  • C. W. Gartlein and G. Sprague, “Aurora Occurrence” in IGY Gen. Rep. 12 (IGY WDC A, US National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, 1960), pp. 68–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • C. W. Gartlein, H. E. Gartlein, and G. Sprague, “The Aurora and the Local Magnetic Field,” in IGY Gen. Rep. 12, (IGY WDC A, US National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC, 1960), pp. 57–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Gustafsson, “On the Orientation of Auroral Arcs,” Planet. Space Sci. 15, 277–294 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G. Gustafsson, Y. I. Feldstein, and N. F. Shevnina, “The Auroral Orientation Curves for the IQSY,” Planet. Space Sci. 17, 1657–1666 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Harang, The Aurorae, Ed. by M. A. Ellison and A. C. B. Lowell (Chapman and Hall LTD, London, 1951).

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Heppner, “A Study of Relationships between the Aurora Borealis and the Geomagnetic Disturbances,” PhD Thesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  • R. H. Holzworth and C.-I. Meng, “Mathematical Representation of the Auroral Oval,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 2, 377–380 (1975).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. Hultqvist, “On the Orientation of Auroral Arcs,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 24, 17–30 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. Hultqvist, “The Geomagnetic Field Lines in Higher Approximation,” Arkiv Geophys 3, 63–77 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Hultqvist, A. Egeland, and G. Gustafsson, “A Morning Discontinuity in the Orientation of Quiet Auroral Arcs,” Nature 192, 956–957 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • “I.G.Y. Ascaplots,” in Annales of the IGY, Ed. by W. Stoffregen (Pergamon, 1962), Vol. 20, Part 1, p. 147.

  • IGY Gen. Rep. (National Avademy of Sciences, Washington, 1960), No. 12.

  • International Auroral Atlas (Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1963).

  • S. I. Isaev, “Geographic Distribution of Auroras and the Earth Radiation Belts,” Geomagn. Aeron. 2(4), 663–668 (1962a).

    Google Scholar 

  • S. I. Isaev, “On the Existence of the Region of Increased Auroral Activity at Midlatitudes,” Geomagn. Aeron. 2(5), 861–864 (1962b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones A. Vallance, “Optical Measurements of Auroras,” in Auroral Phenomena, Ed. by M. Walt (Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, Calif, 1965), pp. 20–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • O. V. Khorosheva and S. N. Emel’yanenko, “Vertical Asymmetry of the Instantaneous Auroral Zone,” Geomagn. Aeron. 9(3), 566–568 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • O. V. Khorosheva, “Magnetospheric Disturbances and Related Dynamics of Ionospheric Electrojets, Auroras, and Plasmapause,” Geomagn. Aeron. 27(5), 804–811 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • O. V. Khorosheva, “On Isochasms,” Polyarn. Siyaniya Svechenie Nochnogo Neba, No. 10, 126–132 (1963b).

  • O. V. Khorosheva, “Spatial-Time Distribution of Auroras and Their Relation to Geomagnetic Disturbances,” Geomagn. Aeron. 1(5), 695–701 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • O. V. Khorosheva, “Extension and Spatial Orientation of Auroral Arcs,” Geomagn. Aeron. 3(2), 363–366 (1963a).

    Google Scholar 

  • O. V. Khorosheva, “Daily Drift of a Closed Auroral Ring,” Geomagn. Aeron. 2(5), 839–850 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • R. A. Kovrazhkin, Yu. M. Boske, and L. M. Zelenyi, “Detection of Indications of Reconnection and Plasma Acceleration at a Distance of 0.5 Billion km in the Magnetotail,” Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 45, 377–340 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. I. Krassovsky, “Auroras,” Geomagn. Aeron. 7(6), 945–957 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • A. I. Lebedinsky, “Synchronous Auroral Registration by All-Sky Camera C-180 and Patrol Spectrograph C-180-S,” in Annales of the IGY 11 (1961), pp. 133–144.

  • S. V. Leontyev, G. V. Starkov, V. G. Vorobjev, et al., “Dayside Aurorae and Their Relation to Other Geophysical Phenomena,” Planet. Space Sci. 20, 621–639 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. T. Y. Lui and C. D. Anger, “A Uniform Belt of Diffuse Auroral Emission Seen by ISIS -2 Scanning Photometer,” Planet. Space Sci. 21, 799–809 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. E. McIlwain, “Direct Measurement of Particles Producing Visible Auroras,” J. Geophys. Res. 65, 2727–2747 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. McInnes and K. A. Robertson, “Latitude Distribution and Seasonal Radiation of Aurora over the British Islands during 1957 and 1958,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 19, 115–125 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. B. Mende and R. H. Eather, “Monochromatic All-Sky Observations and Auroral Precipitation Patterns,” J. Geophys. Res. 81, 3771–3780 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C.-I. Meng and S.-I. Akasofu, “Electron Precipitation Equatorward of the Auroral Oval and the Mantle Aurora in the Midday Sector,” Planet. Space Sci. 31, 889–899 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C.-I. Meng, “Electron Precipitation and Polar Auroras,” Space Sci. Rev. 22, 223–300 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu. A. Nadubovich, “Coastal Effect in Auroras,” Polyarn. Siyaniya Svechenie Nochnogo Neba, No. 14, 5–7 (1967).

  • P. T. Newell, T. Sotirelis, J. M. Ruohoniemi, et al., “OVATION: Oval Variation, Assessment, Tracking, Intensity, and Online Nowcasting,” Ann. Geophys. 20, 1039–1047 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. T. Newell, Y. I. Feldstein, Y. I. Galperin, and C.-I. Meng, “The Morphology of Nightside Precipitation,” J. Geophys. Res. 101(5), 10 737–10 748 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. M. Nikolaenko, Y. I. Galperin, Y. I. Feldstein, et al., “Diffuse Auroral Zone. VII. Dynamics of the Equatorward Boundary of the Electron Diffuse Precipitation Zone in the Dusk Sector,” Kosm. Issled., No. 6, 876–884 (1983).

  • A. Nishida, Geomagnetic Diagnosis of the Magnetosphere (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1978; Mir, Moscow, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • N. Østgaard, R. R. Vondrak, J. W. Gjerloev, and G. A. Germany, J. Geophys. Res. 107(A9), 1246 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. V. Pushkov, “Observations of Auroras,” in Instructions of the USSR AN Publishing (Moscow, 1957) [in Russian].

  • B. V. Rezhenov, V. G. Vorobjev, and Y. I. Feldstein, “The Interplanetary Magnetic Field B z Component Influence on the Geomagnetic Field Variations and the Auroral Dynamics,” Planet. Space Sci. 27, 699–716 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • F. E. Roach and J. R. Roach, “Stable 6300 A Auroral Arcs in Mid-Latitudes,” Planet. Space Sci. 11, 523–545 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • V. R. Samsonov and N. S. Zaretskii, “Azimuthal and Geographic Distributions of Auroral Rays,” Geomagn. Aeron. 3(2), 246–251 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • I. Sandahl, L. Ellason, A. Pellinen-Wannberg, et al., “Distribution of Auroral Precipitation at Midnight during a Magnetic Storm,” J. Geophys. Res. 95, 6051–6072 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. P. Sandford, “Aurora and Airglow Intensity Variations with Time and Magnetic Activity at Southern High Latitudes,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 26, 749–769 (1964).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. P. Sandford, “Variations of Auroral Emissions with Time, Magnetic Activity and the Solar Cycle,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 30, 1921–1942 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. E. Sandholt, A. Egeland, K. Henriksen, et al., “Optical Measurements of a Nightside Poleward Expanding Aurora,” J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 44, 71–79 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. E. Sandholt, H. C. Carlson, and A. Egeland, Dayside and Polar Cap Aurora (Kluwer Acad. Publ., 2002).

  • D. W. Slater, L. L. Smith, and E. W. Kleckner, “Correlated Observations of the Equatorward Diffuse Auroral Boundary,” J. Geophys. Res. 85(1), 531–542 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. L. Snyder and S.-I. Akasofu, Major Auroral Substorm Features in the Dark Sector Observed by a USAF DMSP Satellite, Planet. Space Sci. 22, 1511–1517 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. L. Snyder and S.-I. Akasofu, “Observations of the Auroral Oval by the Alaska Meridian Chain of Stations,” J. Geophys. Res. 77, 3419–3430 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D. J. Spiro, P. Y. Reiff, and L. J. Maher, “Precipitating Electron Energy Flux and Auroral Zone Conductances — An Empirical Model,” J. Geophys. Res. 87(10), 8215–8227 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov and Y. I. Feldstein, “Auroral Arc Azimuths Observed at Dixon Island Station,” Issled. Polyarn. Siyanii, No. 4, 56–60 (1960).

  • G. V. Starkov and Y. I. Feldstein, “Orientation of Extensive Auroras,” Geomagn. Aeron. 7(1), 72–77 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov and Y. I. Feldstein, “Auroral Band during Magnetic Disturbances,” Polyarn. Siyaniya, No. 17, 22–33 (1968).

  • G. V. Starkov and Y. I. Feldstein, “Substorm in Auroras,” Geomagn. Aeron. 11(3), 563–565 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov, “Mathematical Description of Auroral Luminosity Boundaries,” Geomagn. Aeron. 34(3), 80–86 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov, “Auroral Altitudes in the Polar Cap,” Geomagn. Aeron. 8(1), 36–41 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov, Y. I. Feldstein, and N. F. Shevnina, “Motion of Auroral Forms during the Development of Auroral Substorm,” in Morphology and Physics of the Polar Ionosphere (Nauka, Leningrad, 1971), pp. 53–67 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • G. V. Starkov, “Planetary Morphology of Auroras,” in Magnetospheric-Ionospheric Physics: A Manual, Ed. by, Yu. P. Maltsev (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 1993) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • H. C. Stenbaeck-Nielsen and T. J. Hallinan, “Pulsating Auroras: Evidence for Noncollisional Thermalization of Precipitating Electrons,” J. Geophys. Res. 84, 3257–3271 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • K. Störmer, The Polar Aurora (Oxford Univ. (Clarendon) Press, Oxford, 1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • N. A. Tsyganenko, “Global Quantitative Models of the Geomagnetic Field in the Magnetosphere for Different Disturbance Levels,” Planet. Space Sci. 35, 1347–1358 (1987).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. R. Vondrak, J. W. Gjerloev, and G. Germany, “A Relation between the Energy Deposition by Electron Precipitation and Geomagnetic Indices during Substorms,” J. Geophys. Res. 107A, 1246 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev and O. I. Yagodkina, “Effect of Magnetic Activity on the Global Distribution of Auroral Precipitation Zones,” Geomagn. Aeron. 45(4), 467–473 (2005) [Geomagn. Aeron. 45, 438–444 (2005)].

    Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev and V. A. Turyanskii, “Specific Behavior of the (OI) λ 5577 and λ 6300 Emissions in Daytime Auroras,” Geomagn. Aeron. 23(6), 957–962 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev, O. I. Yagodkina, G. V. Starkov, and Y. I. Feldstein, “Features of the Planetary Distribution of Auroral Precipitation Characteristics during Substorms,” Geomagn. Aeron. 47(2), 206–218 (2007) [Geomagn. Aeron. 47, 193–204 (2007)].

    Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev, V. L. Zverev, and S. V. Leontyev, “Auroral Luminosity Structure in the Noon Sector,” Geomagn. Aeron. 28(2), 256–261 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev and O. I. Yagodkina, “Empirical Model of Auroral Precipitation Power during Substorms,” J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 70, 654–662 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev, G. Gustafsson, G. V. Starkov, et al., “Dynamics of Day and Night Aurora during Substorms,” Planet. Space Sci. 23, 269–278 (1975).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev, G. V. Starkov, and Y. I. Feldstein, “The Auroral Oval during the Substorm Development,” Planet. Space Sci. 24, 955–965 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • V. G. Vorobjev, O. I. Yagodkina, G. V. Starkov, and Y. I. Feldstein, “A Substorm in Midnight Auroral Precipitation,” Ann. Geophys. 21, 2271–2280 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. H. Westerlund, “The Auroral Electron Energy Spectrum Extended to 45 eV,” J. Geophys. Res. 74, 351–354 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. A. Whalen, “A Quantitative Description of the Spatial Distribution and Dynamics of the Energy Flux in the Continuous Aurora,” J. Geophys. Res. 88, 7155–7169 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. H. Wiens and Jones A. Vallance, “Studies of Auroral Hydrogen Emissions in West-Central Canada. 3. Proton and Electron Auroral Ovals,” Can. J. Phys. 47, 1493–1517 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • O. I. Yagodkina, V. G. Vorobjev, and S. V. Leontiev, “Pulsating Aurora and Geomagnetic Pulsations in Daytime High-Latitude Region,” Planet. Space Sci. 38(1), 149–159 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. M. Zelenyi, R. A. Kovrazhkin, and J.-M. Bosqued, “Velocity-Dispersed Ion Beams in the Nightside Auroral Zone: AUREOL 3 Observations,” J. Geophys. Res. 95, 12 119–12 139 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • V. L. Zverev and T. A. Hviuzova, “Variations of Equatorward Boundary of Auroral Luminosity Connected with Some Types of Non-Stationary Solar Wind Streams,” in Proceedings of the 27th Annual Seminar, Apatity, 2004, pp. 55–60.

  • V. L. Zverev and T. A. Hviuzova, “Variations in the Polar Precipitation Equatorward Boundary during the Interaction between the Earth’s Magnetosphere and Solar Wind Streams from Isolated Solar Sources,” Geomagn. Aeron. 48(1), 32–39 (2008) [Geomagn. Aeron. 48, 28–35 (2008)].

    Google Scholar 

  • V. L. Zverev and V. G. Vorobjev, “Russian Studies of Antarctic Auroras: A Review,” Geomagn. Aeron. 47(6), 723–736 (2007) [Geomagn. Aeron. 47, 683–695 (2007)].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • V. L. Zverev, Y. I. Feldstein, and V. G. Vorobjev, “Visual Luminosity Equatorward of the Auroral Oval during Magnetic Storms,” in Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Seminar, Apatity, 2009, pp. 48–54.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, the Ionosphere, and Radiowave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow oblast, 142190, Russia

    Ya. I. Feldstein

  2. Polar Geophysical Institute, Kola Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Fersmana 14, Apatity, Murmansk oblast, 184200, Russia

    V. G. Vorobjev & V. L. Zverev

Authors
  1. Ya. I. Feldstein
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. G. Vorobjev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. L. Zverev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. G. Vorobjev.

Additional information

Dedicated to the memory of Genrikh Vladimirovich Starkov and many others who studied auroras during the IGY

Original Russian Text © Ya.I. Feldstein, V.G. Vorobjev, V.L. Zverev, 2010, published in Geomagnetizm i Aeronomiya, 2010, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 435–458.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Feldstein, Y.I., Vorobjev, V.G. & Zverev, V.L. Planetary features of aurorae: Results of the IGY (a review). Geomagn. Aeron. 50, 413–435 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793210040018

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793210040018

Keywords

Search

Navigation