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Is the Permian–Triassic Mass Extinction Related to the Siberian Traps?

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Abstract

The Siberian Traps are believed to play an essential role in the Permian–Triassic extinction event, although the link between these events is unclear. Plume ascent, its interaction with the lithosphere, and crustal rocks are considered as sources of volatile components that trigger mass extinction. Reliable estimations of the volumes of gases released during the basalt magma degassing that formed typical traps are few. In this work, the volatile contents in the parental melt of the Southern Maslovsky intrusion, which is a part of the PGE–Cu–Ni Maslovsky deposit in the Norilsk district in the Northwest Siberian Platform, were determined. The studied intrusion belongs to the ore-bearing Norilsk intrusive complex, which is coeval to the Morongovsky–Mokulaevsky Formations of the Siberian flood basalt province. The objects of this study were 8 silicate-melt inclusions in olivines from picritic gabbro-dolerites and 68 inclusions in clinopyroxenes, and 2 inclusions in olivines from olivine-bearing gabbro-dolerites. The composition of the parental melt in terms of major and trace element abundances was close to the main stage of the platform magmatism. The average volatile contents in melt inclusions were as follows: 4500 ppm H2O and Cl 1333 ppm, followed by trace amounts of F 387 ppm, S 743 ppm, CO2 1279 ppm, and B 4.18 ppm, typical of within-plate magmas. In addition, the contacts of igneous rocks with sedimentary deposits (carbonate-terrigenous rocks and coals) demonstrate the occurrence of narrow zones of alteration and the absence of a significant volume of gases that could influence the process of species extinction. There is no strict evidence of the influence of the Siberian traps on the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Alexander Sobolev for the opportunity to conduct EPMA analyses at the Max Planck Institute of Chemistry in Mainz. We thank Sergey Simakin, Eugeny Potapov for SIMS analyses of melt inclusions and Natalia Kononkova for EPMA analyses of minerals. We express gratitude to Eugeny Karasev for the useful comments.

Funding

The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 22-27-00387, analytical work), State Assignment “Processes controlling the formation and evolution of the Earth’s lithosphere” 0137-2019-0012 (field trip), and no. 121041500233-0 (petrographical study of the Maslovsky gabbro-dolerite intrusion).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    N. A. Krivolutskaya, S. P. Krasheninnikov, S. I. Demidova, N. L. Mironov, N. M. Svirskaya & V. S. Fedulov

  2. Institute of Geology of Karelian Research Centre, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia

    A. A. Konyshev

  3. V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

    D. V. Kuzmin

  4. Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    I. K. Nikogosian

  5. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    B. I. Gongalsky

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  1. N. A. Krivolutskaya
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Krivolutskaya, N.A., Konyshev, A.A., Kuzmin, D.V. et al. Is the Permian–Triassic Mass Extinction Related to the Siberian Traps?. Geochem. Int. 60, 1323–1351 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702922130067

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