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Study of Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) along with Solar Wind Parameters and Geomagnetic Indices from Different Stations

Cosmic Research volume 61, pages 364–379 (2023)Cite this article

Abstract

In this study, the variations of cosmic ray intensity (CRI) and their correlations with solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices from different stations are investigated. In this work, CRI data obtained from the neutron monitor database over the MWSN, DOMC, and HRMS stations was used. The findings of this study indicate that the CRI over the MWSN station was greater than over the DOMC and HRMS stations. However, the CRI over DOMC is much lower than for MWSN and HRMS stations. Interestingly, the CRI values at all stations decreased during a strong geomagnetic storm period in May 2017 compared to January 2020. Also, the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) result showed that a higher power spectrum in CRI was clearly seen in May 2017 than in January 2020. This is because cosmic ray intensity is more highly modulated by the strength of geomagnetic storms (strong storms) than weak storms and the southward shifts of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz) component. Noticeably, CRI is found to decrease in a pattern similar to Earth’s magnetic field, and the Dst-index indicates that disturbances of the ring current cause the value of CRI to decrease upon reaching Earth. The correlation analysis of CRI over DOMC, MWSN, and HRMS stations along with the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices for both strong and moderate events found that the coefficients of interplanetary electric field (IEF Ey), f10.7-index, Kp, and Ap-indices peak with a very high value of 1 for a zero lag, which shows a good positive correlation between the parameters. However, the coefficients of the IMF Bz, solar wind speed, and Dst-index peak with very high values of 0.2 and 0.5 for a zero lag, indicating weaker and stronger correlations between the parameters that were taken into account for the study.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to extend their appreciation to the following organizations for easy access to their data: (https://www.nmdb.eu/), the OMNIWeb data sets (https://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/), and magnetometer data from (https://www.intermagnet.org).

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  1. Department of Physics, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

    Chali Idosa Uga

  2. Department of Physics, St. Xavier’s College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Binod Adhikari

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Correspondence to Chali Idosa Uga or Binod Adhikari.

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Chali Idosa Uga, Binod Adhikari Study of Cosmic Ray Intensity (CRI) along with Solar Wind Parameters and Geomagnetic Indices from Different Stations. Cosmic Res 61, 364–379 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010952523600026

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