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Alternative Photosensitizers for Photochemotherapy Based on Nitrofuran Derivative Drugs

  • CELL BIOPHYSICS
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Abstract

Photchemotherapy is a new method to treat varios diseases, including cancer, actually applied as photodynamic therapy (PDT). In PDT a photosensitizer (PS) is introduced in the body and accumulates in affected tissue. Irradiation with visible light switches the SP to an electronically excited state. The excited state interacts with oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species, which destroy pathological cells. However, the excited state energy can dissipate through fluorescence and internal and intercombination conversions. This limits the efficiency of photodynamic therapy, stimulating a search for alternative photochemotherapy pathways that utilize unexcited active particles, for example, free radicals. Among free radicals, the NO• radical is of special interest because NO• takes part in many vital processes in low concentrations and causes cell death when its levels are elevated. Nitrofuran derivatives attract particular attention among various PS classes that release NO• on exposure to light. The nitrofuran derivative nitrofurantoin (NFT) is used as a drug to treat urinary infections and demonstrates high photoactivity toward a number of cancer cells and bacteria.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Brazilian funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (project nos. 304863/2017-3 and 305303/2013-9) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil (CAPES) (finance code 001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Butantan, 05503-900, São Paulo, Brazil

    G. G. Parra

  2. Centro Universitário da Fundação Educacional de Barretos–NIFEB, 14783-226, Barreto, São Paolo, Brazil

    L. P. Ferreira

  3. Universidade de São Paulo, Campus Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paolo, Brazil

    G. P. Borissevitch & I. E. Borissevitch

Authors
  1. G. G. Parra
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  2. L. P. Ferreira
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  3. G. P. Borissevitch
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  4. I. E. Borissevitch
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. E. Borissevitch.

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Statement of the welfare of humans or animals. The article does not contain any studies involving humans or animals in experiments performed by any of the author.

Additional information

I find it strange when someone calls themselves a scientist… Who are these “scientists”? The Learned Cat is the only one I know! L.A. Blumenfeld Basic science is, of course, a fascinating thing. Millikan, for example, spent a lot of time determining the charge of an electron. Yet you have to remember about the sick and dying people who are waiting for our help. S.E. Shnoll (from a conversation with biophysics students)

Translated by T. Tkacheva

Abbreviations: PS, photosensitizer; NFT, nitrofurantoin; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; CTE, cytotoxic effect.

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Parra, G.G., Ferreira, L.P., Borissevitch, G.P. et al. Alternative Photosensitizers for Photochemotherapy Based on Nitrofuran Derivative Drugs. BIOPHYSICS 67, 960–967 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350922060173

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350922060173

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