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Galactic Factors, the Young Sun, the Earth, and the Biophysics of Living Systems

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Abstract

The effects of radiation from the young Sun and galactic cosmic rays on the physical conditions on the early Earth are significantly underestimated in studies of the problems related to the origin and evolution of the biosphere. This review considers the dynamics of solar and galactic processes over the 4.56 billion years of the existence of the Solar System. These factors substantially affected the development of adaptive technologies in ancient and modern living systems. The features of biosphere development are considered for the early Earth under the young Sun, which was fainter, but more flare active. The radiation spectrum of the young Sun is discussed together with the paradoxical mismatch between the solar radiation spectrum and the chlorophyll adsorption spectrum. Ways of solving the paradox are proposed. The role of solar radiation is important when studying models of the early biosphere of the Earth and hypothetical biospheres of giant planet satellites and exoplanets.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Program 17 The Evolution of the Organic World and Planetary Processes of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-52-06002-Az_a).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840, Moscow, Russia

    M. V. Ragulskaya, V. N. Obridko & E. G. Khramova

Authors
  1. M. V. Ragulskaya
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  2. V. N. Obridko
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  3. E. G. Khramova
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to M. V. Ragulskaya, V. N. Obridko or E. G. Khramova.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

This work does not contain any studies involving animals or human subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Translated by T. Tkacheva

Abbreviations: SCR, solar cosmic ray; GCR, galactic cosmic ray; ECG, electrocardiogram.

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Ragulskaya, M.V., Obridko, V.N. & Khramova, E.G. Galactic Factors, the Young Sun, the Earth, and the Biophysics of Living Systems. BIOPHYSICS 65, 686–697 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S000635092004017X

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S000635092004017X

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