Abstract
The effect of combined action of cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of body weight and γ-radiation of 1 Gy on induction of DNA damage in thymocytes and the total number of cells in the thymus of mice was studied. We found that injection of CdCl2 0.5 h prior to irradiation decreased the number of single-strand DNA breaks and the number of alkali-labile sites in thymocytes 48 h after irradiation as compared to the γ-radiation effect only. This effect was associated with a strong decrease in the total number of thymocytes in this organ as compared to the action of cadmium ions and γ radiation separately. This masked the general genotoxic effect of combined treatment and created an illusion of a radioprotective effect of cadmium ions. Injection of cadmium chloride into mice 24 h prior to irradiation was followed by an additive increase in the number of the single-strand DNA breaks and the number of alkali-labile sites in thymocytes as compared to the respective controls such as the separate effects of cadmium ions and irradiation. We revealed a simultaneous decrease in the part of DNA tightly bound to proteins, i.e., DNA-protein cross-links as compared to the effect of γ-radiation only. We did not observe any statistically significant changes in the total number of thymocytes as compared to the separate effects of cadmium ions and irradiation. Thus, our data show that exposure of murine thymocytes to combined action of cadmium ions and γ-radiation at the doses and with the methods of treatment used induced additive effects but not antagonistic effects or protection against radiation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
International Agency for Research on Cancer Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Lyon: IARC Scientific Publications 58, 119 (1993).
S. Candéias, B. Pons, M. Viau, et al., Mutat. Res. 694(1–2), 53 (2010)
S. Nemmiche, D. Chabane-Sari, M. Kadri, and P. Guiraud, Toxicol. in Vitro 25(1), 191 (2011).
A. Hartwig, Biometals 23(5), 951 (2010).
M. Valverde, C. Trejo, and E. Rojas, Mutagenesis 16(3), 265 (2001).
C. T. McMurray and J. A. Tainer, Nat. Genet. 34(3), 239 (2003).
S. Chater, T. Douki, C. Garrel, et al., Comptes Rendus Biol. 331(6), 426 (2008).
Y. Nzengue, R. Steiman, C. Garrel, et al., Toxicology 243(1–2), 193 (2008).
M. Viau, J. Gastaldo, Z. Bencokova, et al., Mutat. Res. 654(1), 13 (2008).
Y. O. Son, J. C. Lee, J. A. Hitron, et al., Toxicol. Sci. 113(1), 127 (2010).
P. Joseph, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 238(3), 272 (2009).
A. A. El-Ghor, M. M. Noshy, H. M. El Ashmaoui, et al., Mutat. Res. 696(2), 160 (2010).
K. P. Singh, R. Kumari, C. Pevey, et al., Cancer Lett. 279(1), 84 (2009).
Y. Pan, D. Yuan, J. Zhang, et al., Radiat. Res. 171(4), 446 (2009).
Y. Pan, D. Yuan, J. Zhang, and C. Shao, Mutat. Res. 707(1–2), 67 (2011).
K. V. Privezentsev, N. P. Sirota, and A. I. Gaznev, Radiats. Biol. Radioecol. 36(2), 234 (1996).
S. Hornhardt, M. Gomolka, L. Walsh, and T. Jung, Mutat. Res. 600(1–2), 165 (2006).
D. Grygoryev, O. Moskalenko, and J. D. Zimbrick, Dose Response 6(3), 283 (2008).
N. I. Ryabchenko, M. V. Grigor’ev, B. P. Ivannik, and A. I. Kutmin, Radiobiologiya 24(2), 154 (1984).
A. Zhitkovich and M. Costa, Carcinogenesis 13(8), 1485 (1992).
A. N. Osipov, M.V. Grigor’ev, V.D. Sypin, et al., Radiats. Biol. Radioecol. 40(4), 373 (2000).
S. A. Altman, T.H. Zastawny, L. Randers-Eichhorn, et al., Free Radic Biol Med. 19(6), 897 (1995).
B. P. Ivannik, N. I. Ryabchenko, L. A. Dzikovskaya, et al., Radiats. Biol. Radioecol. 40(6), 656 (2000).
A.N. Osipov and G. Ya. Kolomiitseva, Biokhimiya 61(5), 927 (1996).
K. V. Privezentsev, Tsitol. Genet. 31(1), 11 (1997).
Y. J. Kang, Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 231(9), 1459 (2006).
M. Sato and M. Kondoh, Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 196(1), 9 (2002).
K. Shibuya, J. S. Suzuki, H. Kito, et al., J. Toxicol. Sci. 33(4), 479 (2008).
K. Shibuya, N. Nishimura, J. S. Suzuki, et al., J. Toxicol. Sci. 33(5), 651 (2008).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.N. Osipov, N.I. Ryabchenko, B.P. Ivannik, V.I. Ryabchenko, 2011, published in Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya, 2011, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 315–320.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Osipov, A.N., Ryabchenko, N.I., Ivannik, B.P. et al. DNA damage in thymocytes of mice after exposure of the whole body to combined action of cadmium ions and γ radiation. BIOPHYSICS 56, 936–940 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350911050150
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350911050150