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The power and limitations of influenza virus hemagglutinin assays

Biochemistry (Moscow) volume 82, pages 1234–1248 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

Influenza virus hemagglutinins (HAs) are surface proteins that bind to sialic acid residues at the host cell surface and ensure further virus internalization. Development of methods for the inhibition of these processes drives progress in the design of new antiviral drugs. The state of the isolated HA (i.e. combining tertiary structure and extent of oligomerization) is defined by multiple factors, like the HA source and purification method, posttranslational modifications, pH, etc. The HA state affects HA functional activity and significantly impacts the results of numerous HA assays. In this review, we analyze the power and limitations of currently used HA assays regarding the state of HA.

Abbreviations

a.a.:

amino acid residue

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

ER:

endoplasmic reticulum

GA:

Golgi apparatus

HA:

hemagglutinin

HA0:

hemagglutinin precursor

HA1:

hemagglutinin subunit 1

HA2:

hemagglutinin subunit 2

HAI:

hemagglutination inhibition assay

IEP:

immunoelectrophoresis

MAb:

monoclonal antibody

NA:

neuraminidase

RIA:

radioimmunoassay

RIP:

radioimmunoprecipitation

SA:

sialic acid

SRID:

single radial immunodiffusion

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  1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    N. B. Ustinov, E. G. Zavyalova, I. G. Smirnova & A. M. Kopylov

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  1. N. B. Ustinov
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  2. E. G. Zavyalova
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Original Russian Text © N. B. Ustinov, E. G. Zavyalova, I. G. Smirnova, A. M. Kopylov, 2017, published in Biokhimiya, 2017, Vol. 82, No. 11, pp. 1577–1592.

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Ustinov, N.B., Zavyalova, E.G., Smirnova, I.G. et al. The power and limitations of influenza virus hemagglutinin assays. Biochemistry Moscow 82, 1234–1248 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297917110025

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297917110025

Keywords

  • influenza virus
  • surface antigens
  • influenza hemagglutinin
  • inhibitors of hemagglutination
  • monoclonal antibodies
  • ELISA