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Poly(A)-binding proteins: Structure, domain organization, and activity regulation

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Abstract

RNA-binding proteins are of vital importance for mRNA functioning. Among these, poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) are of special interest due to their participation in virtually all mRNA-dependent events that is caused by their high affinity for A-rich mRNA sequences. Apart from mRNAs, PABPs interact with many proteins, thus promoting their involvement in cellular events. In the nucleus, PABPs play a role in polyadenylation, determine the length of the poly(A) tail, and may be involved in mRNA export. In the cytoplasm, they participate in regulation of translation initiation and either protect mRNAs from decay through binding to their poly(A) tails or stimulate this decay by promoting mRNA inter-actions with deadenylase complex proteins. This review presents modern notions of the role of PABPs in mRNA-dependent events; peculiarities of regulation of PABP amount in the cell and activities are also discussed.

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Abbreviations

ARE:

AU-rich element

ARS:

adenine-rich autoregulatory sequence

Cp:

ceruloplasmin

CPE:

cytoplasmic polyadenylation element

CPEBP:

cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein

CPSF:

cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor

eIF:

eukaryotic initiation factor

EJC:

exon junction complex

eRF:

eukaryotic release factor

GAIT-element:

interferon γ-activated inhibitor of translation

hnRNP:

heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein

IFN-γ:

interferon γ

IRES:

internal ribosome entry site

MLLE:

C-terminal domain of PABP

Msi1:

Musashi 1

NMD:

nonsense mediated mRNA decay

PABPs:

poly(A)-binding proteins

Paip1/2:

PABP-interacting protein 1/2

PAM:

PABP-interacting motif

PAN2/3:

PABP-dependent poly(A)-specific ribonuclease 2/3

PAP:

poly(A) polymerase

PARN:

poly(A)-specific ribonuclease

PTC:

premature termination codon

RRM:

RNA recognition motif

TOP:

terminal oligopyrimidine track

UNR:

upstream of N-ras

UTR:

untranslated region

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  1. Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    I. A. Eliseeva, D. N. Lyabin & L. P. Ovchinnikov

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  1. I. A. Eliseeva
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  2. D. N. Lyabin
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  3. L. P. Ovchinnikov
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Published in Russian in Uspekhi Biologicheskoi Khimii, 2013, Vol. 53, pp. 3–34.

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Eliseeva, I.A., Lyabin, D.N. & Ovchinnikov, L.P. Poly(A)-binding proteins: Structure, domain organization, and activity regulation. Biochemistry Moscow 78, 1377–1391 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297913130014

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