Abstract
The study verifies the Black Sea wave model using field data obtained from the Katsiveli research platform. The WAM and mesoscale MM5 and WRF atmospheric models, which are used to calculate the wind field for the wave model, were recently adjusted to the Black Sea region at the Marine Hydrophysical Institute. The results of the work are presented as characteristics of the simulation quality used in world practice in other regions. The scatter index for a significant wave height is 70% in summer and 50% in winter. The values of the scatter index of wave parameters and wind speed appear to be at the same level as in semi-enclosed seas on the northern side of the Mediterranean Sea. It is shown that atmospheric simulation correctly reproduces the interaction between synoptic processes and the mountain range extending alongshore. Error sources in wave simulation are discussed. The most significant drawback is the possibility of mesoscale instability in the atmospheric model without assimilation of observation data within the computational domain.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. V. Efimov and V. S. Barabanov, “Breeze circulation in the black-sea region,” Phys. Oceanogr. 19 (5), 289–300 (2009).
V. V. Efimov and O. I. Komarovskaya, Atlas of Extreme Wind Waving in the Black Sea (EKOSI-Gidrofizika, Sevastopol, 2009) [in Russian].
V. V. Efimov, S. V. Stanichnyi, M. V. Shokurov, and D. A. Yarovaya, “Observations of a quasi-tropical cyclone over the Black Sea,” Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol. 33 (4), 233–239 (2008).
V. V. Malinovskii, V. A. Dulov, A. N. Bol’shakov, et al., “Methodological and technical support for adjustment of Sich-1m apparatus for analysis under marine surface: possible approach,” in Ecological Safety of Coastal and Self Zones, and Complex Use of Shelf Resources (EKOSIGidrofizika, Sevastopol, 2004), No. 11, pp. 236–251.
Yu. P. Solov’ev, “Characteristics of internal boundary layer above sea winded from the mountainous coast,” in Ecological Safety of Coastal and Self Zones, and Complex Use of Shelf Resources (EKOSI-Gidrofizika, Sevastopol, 2010), No. 21, pp. 74–87.
E. V. Chechina, Database of the wind-geographic data obtained from the Stationary oceanographic platform in Katsiveli of Experimental department of the Marine Hydrophysical Research Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in Ecological Safety of Coastal and Self Zones, and Complex Use of Shelf Resources (EKOSIGidrofizika, Sevastopol, 2013), No. 27, pp. 215–220
M. V. Shokurov, S. Yu. Artamonov, and I. N. Ezau, “Digital modeling of atmosphere in the region of Katsiveli platform for planning and interpretation of natural experiments,” in Ecological Safety of Coastal and Self Zones, and Complex Use of Shelf Resources (EKOSIGidrofizika, Sevastopol, 2010), No. 21, pp. 239–251.
F. Ardhuin, L. Bertotti, J. R. Bidlot, et al., “Comparison of wind and wave measurements and models in the Western Mediterranean Sea,” Ocean Eng., No. 34 (3), 526–541 (2007).
F. Ardhuin, B. Chapron, and F. Collard, “Observation of swell dissipation across oceans,” Geophys. Res. Lett., No. 36, L06607 (2009). doi 10.1029/2008GL037030
F. Ardhuin and A. Roland, “The development of spectral wave models: coastal and coupled aspects,” in Proceedings of Coastal Dynamics 2013: 7th International Conference on Coastal Dynamics (University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 2013), pp. 25–38.
L. Cavaleri and L. Bertotti, “The accuracy of modeled wind and waves fields in enclosed seas,” Tellus A, No. 56, 167–175 (2004).
L. Cavaleri and M. Sclavo, “The calibration of wind and wave model data in the Mediterranean Sea,” Coastal Eng., No. 53, 613–627 (2006).
Environmental Modeling Center Global Forecast System, National Weather Service, NOAA, USA, 2014. http://www.emc.ncep.noaa.gov/index.php?branch=GFS
L. H. Holthuijsen, Waves in Oceanic and Coastal Waters (Cambridge University Press, 2007).
V. A. Ivanov, V. A. Dulov, S. Yu. Kuznetsov, et al., “Risk assessment of encountering killer waves in the Black Sea,” Geogr., Environ., Sustainability, No. 1, 84–111 (2012).
V. A. Ivanov, M. V. Shokurov, V. A. Dulov, et al., “Operational atmospheric modeling for advance warning of weather disasters in the Black Sea region,” Geogr., Environ., Sustainability 6 (4), 31–47 (2013).
K. Kahma, D. Hauser, H. E. Krogstad, et al., Measuring and Analyzing the Directional Spectra of Ocean Waves, EU COST Action 714. EUR 21367 (Brussels, 2005).
G. J. Komen, L. Cavaleri, M. Donelan, et al., Dynamics and Modeling of Ocean Waves (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1994).
Marine Hydrophysical Institute 5-Day Weather Forecast over the Black Sea (Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction Department, Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Sevastopol, 2014). http://vao.hydrophys.org
D. S. Richardson, “Verification statistics and evaluations of ECMWF forecasts in 2011–2012,” in ECMWF Technical Memoranda (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, UK, 2012), No. 688. http://www.ecmwf.int/publications/
W. C. Skamarock, A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3. NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-475+STR (Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 2008).
H.-M. Zhang, J. J. Bates, and R. W. Reynolds, “Assessment of composite global sampling: sea surface wind speed,” Geophys. Res. Lett., No. 33, L17714 (2006). doi 10.1029/2006GL027086
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © M.V. Shokurov, V.A. Dulov, E.V. Skiba, V.E. Smolov, 2016, published in Okeanologiya, 2016, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 230–241.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shokurov, M.V., Dulov, V.A., Skiba, E.V. et al. Wind waves in the coastal zone of the southern crimea: Assessment of simulation quality based on in situ measurements. Oceanology 56, 214–225 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437016020181
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437016020181