Abstract
The Volga River discharge consists of the waters transferred by fast currents through channels and the waters which are passing through the shallow areas of the delta overgrown by cane. Using the hydrochemical data, it is possible to track distribution of the waters modified by “biofilters” of macrophytes in the delta shallows starting from the external edge of the delta. The main distinctive features of these waters are the high content of dissolved oxygen, the abnormally high values of the pH, and the low content of dissolved inorganic carbon (both total and as CO2). These waters extend in the shape of 1 to 3-km-wide strips at a distance of 20–40 km from the outer border of the delta. The analysis of the data obtained during the expeditions run by the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2003–2009, along with archived and published data, show that such “modified” waters occur almost constantly along the outer edge of the Volga River delta.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ambrosimov, A.K., Ambrosimov, D.A., Makkaveev, P.N., et al., Hydrochemical Situation on Polygon Chistaya Banka in Avandelta of the Volga River, Okeanologiya, 2009, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 681–693.
Bychkov, A.S., Pavlova, G.Yu., and Kropotov, V.A., Carbon System, in Khimiya morskoi vody i autigennoe mineraloobrazovanie (Sea Water Chemistry and Autigenic Mineralization), Moscow: Nauka, 1989, pp. 49–111.
Leonov, A.V., Biogenic River Flow Off to Caspian Sea, Okeanologiya, 2002. vol. 42. no. 5. pp. 683–692.
Makkaveev, P.N., Peculiarities of Relation between pH and Solved Oxygen on Area Chistaya Banka in the North Caspian, Okeanologiya, 2009, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 508–515.
Makkaveev, P.N., Vinogradova, E.L., and Khlebopashev, P.V., Biochemical Transformation of Plate Flow Off of the Volga River, in Trudy konferentsii “Vodnye sistemy, organizmy, innovatsii—8. Moskva 2006” (Transactions of Conference “Aquatic Systems, Organisms and Innovations-8,” Moscow, 2006), Moscow: MAKS PRESS, 2007.
Metreveli, M.P., A Role of Delta and Avandelta of the Volga River in Transformation of Continental Flow Off of Organic Substance to the North Caspian, Extended Abstract of Cand. (Geograph.) Dissertation, Moscow, Hydrochemical Institute, State Committee USSR on Hydrometeorology, 1989.
Perechen’ rybokhozyaistvennykh normativov: predel’no dopustimykh kontsentratsii (PDK) i orientirovochno bezopasnykh urovnei vozdeistviya (OBUV) vrednykh veshchestv dlya vodnyakh ob”ektov, imeyushchikh rybokhozyaistvennoe znachenie (Index of Fish Faring Standards: Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) and Relatively Safe Levels of Influence (RSLI) of Hazardous Substances for Aquatic Objects of Fish Farming Value), Moscow: VNIRO, 1999.
Rukovodstvo po khimicheskomu analizu morskikh vod RD 52.10.243-92 (Manual on Chemical Analysis of Sea Water RD52.10.243-92), St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 1993.
Savenko, A.V., Evaluation of Water Saturation Degree of Estuary Area of the Volga River Based on Calcium Carbonate, in Geologiya morei i okeanov: Materialy XVII mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii (Shkoly) po morskoi geologii (Geology of Seas and Oceans, Proceedings of XVII International Conference (School) on Marine Geology), Moscow: GEOS, 2007, vol. 3, pp. 179–181.
Sapozhnikov, V.V., Complex Ecosystem Investigations of the North Caspian on Scientific Research Ship Meduza and e/s Sevryuga (July–September, 1996), Okeanologiya, 1997, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 624–627.
Sapozhnikov, V.V., Zozulya, N.M., Belov, A.A., et al., Hydrochemical Investigations of the north Caspian on Ship Meduza, August 2002, Okeanologiya, 2003, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 627–631.
Sovremennye metody gidrokhimicheskikh issledovanii okeana (Contemporary Methods of Hydrochemical Investigations of the Ocean), Moscow: Inst. Okeanologii, AN SSSR, 1992.
Terziev, F.S., Tuzhilkin, V.S., and Nikonova, R.E., Status of General Characteristics of Hydrometeorological Regime of the Caspian Sea during Specific Periods of Its Level and Their Relation With External Regime-Forming Bulletin, in Nauchno-issledovatel’skii byulleten’, Kaspiiskii plavuchii univesitet (Scientific-Research Bulletin, Caspian Floating University), Astrakhan: FGUP CaspNIRKh, 2002, no. 3, pp. 20–40.
Estuarno-del’tovye sistemy Rossii i Kitaya: gidrologomorfologicheskie protsessy, geomorfologiya i prognoz razvitiya (Estuary-Delta Systems of Russia and China: Hydrological-Morphological Processes, Geomorphology and Development Forecast), Korotaev, V.N., et al., Eds., Moscow: GEOS, 2007.
Handbook of Methods for the Various Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Sea Water; Version 2, Dicksom, A.G. and Goyet, C., Eds., 1994, ORNL/CDIAC-74.
Edmond, J.M. and Gieskes, T.M., On the Degree of Saturation of the Sea Water with Respect to Calcium Carbonate Under in situ Condition, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Asta, 1970, vol. 34, pp. 1261–1291.
Holmes, R.M., Peterson, B.J., Zulidov, V.V., et al., Nutrient Chemistry of the Ob’ and Yenisei Rivers, Siberia: Results from June 2000 Expedition and Evaluation of Long-term Data Sets, Marine Chemistry, 2001, vol. 75, pp. 219–227.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © E.L. Vinogradova, P.N. Makkaveev, Z.G. Melnikova, Yu.R. Nalbandov, P.A. Stunzhas, P.V. Khlebopashev, 2011, published in Okeanologiya, 2011, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 849–856.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vinogradova, E.L., Makkaveev, P.N., Melnikova, Z.G. et al. On the transformation of the chemical composition of the Volga River discharge waters at the Caspian shallows. Oceanology 51, 796–803 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437011050213
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001437011050213