Abstract
This paper reports investigation data on ridge landscape patterns (formed by Baer knolls) in the North Caspian region obtained by mathematical approaches to landscape morphology. The investigation procedure involves remote sensing data and mathematical methods. A mathematical analysis of six sample areas has revealed that perimeters and diameters of the ridges fit the lognormal distribution. Discrete indicators that characterize the ridge location are compliant with the Poisson’s distribution in most cases. Due to river erosion activity, which destroys the knolls, their diameters do not fit the lognormal distribution anymore. The arguments have been considered in favor of various theories of the Baer knolls origin from the standpoint of quantitative features of the morphological structure.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Badyukova, E.H., New data on the morphology and structure of Baer knolls, Geomorfologiya, 2005, no. 4, pp. 25–38.
Belevich, E.F., On the origin of Baer knolls, Geomorfologiya, 1979, no. 2, pp. 57–68.
Brytsina, M.L., On the origin of topography of Baer knolls of the Lower Volga, Pamyati akad. L.S. Berga (In Memory of Acad. L.S. Berg), Britsyn, M.L., Ed., Moscow–Leningrad: AN SSSR, 1955, pp. 320–330.
Doskach, A.G., Geomorphological observations in a region of Baer knoll development, Tr. Inst. Geogr. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1949, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 19–32.
Gudilin, I.S., Landshaftnaya karta SSSR. Legenda (Landscape Map of the USSR. Explanatory Notes), Moscow: Ministerstvo geologii SSSR, 1987.
Ivanova, G.A., On the origin of the Baer knolls, Tr. Inst. Geogr. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1952, vol. 51, pp. 277–391.
Cramér, G., Mathematical Methods of Statistics, Princeton University Press, 1946; Moscow: Mir, 1975.
Krasnozhon, G.F. and Sidorova, A.G., Transformation of waves in shallow water, Upravlenie poverkhnostnymi i podzemnymi vodnymi resursami i ikh ispol’zovanie (Control of Surface and Subsurface Water Resources and Their Use), Moscow: AN SSSR, 1961, pp. 161–208.
Leont’ev, O.K., Origin and age of Baer knolls, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geogr., 1965, no. 2, pp. C. 90–97.
Nikolaev, V.A., Geological history, relief, and alluvial deposits, Priroda i sel’skoe khozyaistvo Volgo–Akhtubinskoi doliny i del’ty Volgi (The Nature and Agriculture of the Volga–Akhtuba Plain and the Volga River Delta), Moscow: MGU, 1962, pp. 11–56.
Nizhnyaya Volga: geomorfologiya, paleogeografiya i russkaya morfodinamika (The Lower Volga: Geomorphology, Paleogeography, and Russian Morphodynamics), Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geogr., 1965, no. 2, pp. 90–97.
Puzachenko, Yu.G., Matematicheskie metody v ekologicheskikh i geograficheskikh issledovaniyakh (Mathematical Methods in Ecological and Geographical Studies), Moscow: Akademiya, 2004.
Rychagov, G.I., Baer knolls, Tr. Prikaspiiskoi ekspeditsii (Transactions of the Caspian Expedition), Rychagov, G.I., Ed., Moscow: MGU, 1958, pp. 190–223.
Rychagov, G.I., Pleistotsenovaya istoriya Kaspiiskogo morya (Pleistocene History of the Caspian Sea), Moscow: MGU, 1997.
Sedaikin, V.M., On the problem of the origin and age of Baer knolls of the Lower Volga region, Vopr. Geomorfol. Povolzh’ya, 1977, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 17–27.
Sladkopevtsev, S.A., On the of Baer knolls, Vestn. Mosk. Gos. Univ. Ser. 5: Geogr., 1965, no. 1, pp. 80–84.
Svitoch, A.A., Berovskie bugry Nizhnego Povolzh’ya (The Baer Knolls of the Lower Volga Region), Moscow: Rossel’khozakademiya, 2006.
Viktorov, A.S., Risunok landshafta (The Landscape Picture), Moscow: Mysl’, 1986.
Viktorov, A.S., Osnovnye problemy matematicheskoi morfologii landshafta (Main Problems of Mathematical Morphology of Landscape), Moscow: Nauka, 2006.
Viktorov, A.S. and Kapralova, V.N., Quantitative assessment of natural risks on the basis of space imagery (on the example of lake–thermokarst plains), Issled. Zemli Kosmosa, 2013, no. 4, pp. 33–39.
Yakubov, T.F., The origin of Baer knolls in the Caspian lowland, Tr. Inst. Geogr. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1952, vol. 51, pp. 253–277.
Zakharov, L.Z., Baer knolls in the deltas of Caspian basin rivers, Priroda, 1948, pp. C. 54–89.
Zakharov, L.Z., Genesis, distribution, and evolution of Baer knolls, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geogr., 1975, no. 2, pp. 64–70.
Zhindarev, L.A., Nikiforov, L.G., and Rychagov, G.I., Morpholithodynamics of the coastal zone of mouth areas and the problem of the origin of Baer knolls, Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. 5: Geogr., 2001, no. 1, pp. 44–52.
Funding
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-05-00723).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by E. Maslennikova
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gonikov, T.V. Using Earth Remote Sensing to Study the Parameters of the Morphological Structure of the Ridge Landscape in the North Caspian Region. Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 55, 1346–1352 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433819090184
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433819090184