Abstract
An analysis of ground-based spectroscopic measurements of hydrogen fluoride total column abundances (HF TCAs) near St. Petersburg for a 4-year period (2009–2013) is performed. The average HF TCA is 1.93 × 1015 cm−2, and the RMS variation (natural variability) for the measurement ensemble is about 20%. The data are in good agreement with measurements collected at the NDACC stations (Bremen and Harestua), taking into account the differences in latitude. The monthly average HF TCAs show seasonal variation with peaks in late winter and early spring and troughs in the period from November to January. The variability of the monthly averages is at a maximum in winter and spring. A comparison of the HF TCAs from ground-based measurements with those from ACE-FTS solar occultation measurements shows that the total abundances from the ground-based data are 12% lower than those from the ACE-FTS data, and the RMS differences depend on the version of the satellite data processing system, being 13 and 16% for versions 2.2 and 3.0, respectively. The calculated ratio between HCl and HF total column abundances is significantly lower in late winter and spring. The linear trend of this ratio is 2.5% per year. Although the trend statistics is insufficient due to the short observation period, the pattern is explained both by the decrease in the stratospheric HCl content and the small increase in HF TCAs over the studied period and is consistent with literature data.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, WMO. Rep. No. 50 (2007).
M. P. Chipperfield, M. Burton, W. Bell, et al., “On the use of HF as a reference for the comparison of stratospheric observations and models,” J. Geophys. Res. 102(D11), 12901–12919 (1997).
R. Zander, “Recent observations of HF and HCl in upper stratosphere,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 8(4), 413–416 (1981).
V. G. Mankin and M. T. Coffey, “Latitudinal distributions and temporal changes of stratospheric HCl and HF,” J. Geophys. Res. 88(C15), 10776–10784 (1983).
R. Zander, M. R. Gunson, J. C. Foster, et al., “Stratospheric CLONO2, HCL, and HF concentration profiles derived from atmospheric trace molecule spectroscopy experiment Spacelab-3 observations: An update,” J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 95(D12), 20519–20525 (1990). doi: 10.1029/JD095iD12p20519
J. M. Russel III, L. L. Gordley, J. H. Park, et al., “The halogen occultation experiment,” J. Geophys. Res. 98(D6), 10777–10797 (1993).
G. M. Beaver and J. M. Russell III, “The climatology of stratospheric HCL and HF observed by HALOE,” Adv. Space Res. 21(10), 1373–1382 (1998).
P. F. Bernath, T. McElroy, M. C. Abrams, et al., “Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE): Mission overview,” Geophys. Res. Lett. 32(L15S01) (2005). doi: 10.1029/2005GL022386
C. P. Rinsland, J. S. Levine, A. Goldman, et al., “Infrared measurements of HF and HCl total column abundances above Kitt Peak, 1977–1990: Seasonal cycles, long-term increases, and comparisons with model calculations,” J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 96(D8), 15523–15540 (1991).
C. P. Rinsland, R. Zander, E. Mahieu, et al., “Stratospheric HF column abundances above Kitt Peak (31.9 degrees N latitude): Trends from 1977 to 2001 and correlations with stratospheric HCl columns,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 74(2), 205–216 (2002). doi: 10.1016/S0022-4073(01)00233-3
R. Kohlhepp, S. Barthlott, T. Blumenstock, et al., “Trends of HCl, ClONO2, and HF column abundances from ground-based FTIR measurements in Kiruna (Sweden) in comparison with KASIMA model calculations,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 11, 4669–4677 (2011). doi: 10.5194/acp-11-4669-2011
R. Kohlhepp, R. Ruhnke, M. P. Chipperfield, et al., “Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO2, and HF total column abundances,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12, 3527–3557 (2011). doi: 10.5194/acp-12-3527-2012
A. V. Polyakov, Yu. M. Timofeev, A. V. Poberovskii, and I. S. Yagovkina, “Seasonal variations in the total content of hydrogen fluoride in the atmosphere,” Izv., Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 47(6), 760–765 (2011).
A. V. Poberovskii, “High-resolution ground measurements of the IR spectra of solar radiation,” Atmos. Oceanic Opt. 23(2), 161–163 (2010).
AQUA Earth Observing System satellite data. http://airs.jpl.nasa.gov/data-products/data-productstoc.
V. Eyring, D. W. Waugh, G. E. Bodeker, et al., “Multimodel projections of stratospheric ozone in the 21st century,” J. Geophys. Res. 112, D16303 (2007). doi: 10.1029/2006JD008332
R. R. Garcia, D. R. Marsh, D. E. Kinnison, et al., “Simulation of secular trends in the middle atmosphere, 1950–2003,” J. Geophys. Res. 112, D09301 (2007). doi: 10.1029/2006JD007485
M. Schneider and T. Blumenstock, “Subtropical trace gas profiles determined by ground-based FTIR spectroscopy at Izana (28° N, 16° W): Five-year record, error analysis, and comparison with 3-D CTMs,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 4, 5261–5301 (2004)
C. Senten, M. De Maziere, B. Dils, et al., “Technical note: New ground-based FTIR measurements at Ile de la Reunion: Observations, error analysis, and comparisons with independent data,” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 3483–3508 (2008).
P. Duchatelet, P. Demoulin, F. Hase, et al., “Hydrogen fluoride total and partial column time series above the Jungfraujoch from longterm FTIR measurements: Impact of the line-shape model, characterization of the error budget and seasonal cycle, and comparison with satellite and model data,” J. Geophys. Res. 115, D22306 (2010). doi: 10.1029/2010JD014677
A. T. Brown and M. P. Chipperfield, C. Boone, et al., “Trends in atmospheric halogen containing gases since 2004,” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, No. 16, 2552–2566 (2011).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.V. Polyakov, Yu.M. Timofeev, Ya.A. Virolainen, A.V. Poberovskii, 2014, published in Izvestiya AN. Fizika Atmosfery i Okeana, 2014, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 675–682.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Polyakov, A.V., Timofeev, Y.M., Virolainen, Y.A. et al. Ground-based measurements of HF total column abundances in the stratosphere near St. Petersburg (2009–2013). Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 50, 595–601 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433814060139
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433814060139