Abstract
The conditions for the acceleration of the spatial motions of stars by close-binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei are analyzed in order to derive the velocity distribution for stars ejected from galaxies by such black holes. A close binary system consisting of two SMBHs in circular orbits was subject to a spherically symmetrical “barrage” of solar-mass stars with various initial velocities. The SMBHs were treated as point objects with Newtonian gravitational fields. Models with binary component-mass ratios of 1, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 were studied. The results demonstrate the possibility of accelerating neutron stars, stellar-mass black holes, and degenerate dwarfs to velocities comparable to the relative orbital velocities of the binary-SMBH components. In the stage when the binary components are merging due to the action of gravitational-wave radiation, this velocity can approach the speed of light. The most massive binary black-holes (M ≳ 109 M ⊙) can also accelerate main-sequence stars with solar or subsolar masses to such velocities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Tokovinin, Astron. Astrophys. 124, 75 (1997).
J. Hills, Astron. J. 80, 809 (1975).
J. Hills, Astron. J. 102, 704 (1991).
P. Hut, Astrophys. J. 268, 342 (1983).
P. Hut, Celest. Mech. 45, 713 (1989).
P. Hut, Astrophys. J. 403, 256 (1993).
H. Baumgardt, P. Hut, and D. Heggie, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 336, 1069 (2002).
A. Blaaw, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2, 213 (1964).
W. Brown, M. Geller, S. Kenyon, et al., astro-ph/0501177 (2005).
R. Mendez, M. Guerrero, K. Freeman, et al., Astrophys. J. Lett. 491, L23 (1997).
T. Lauer, S. Faber, K. Gebhardt, et al., astro-ph/0412040 (2004).
M. Mozi, ASP Conf. Ser. 222, 359 (2001).
I. Iben, Jr., A. Tutukov, and L. Yungelson, Astrophys. J., Suppl. Ser. 100, 233 (1995).
T. Bogdanovic, M. Eracleons, S. Mahadevan, et al., Astrophys. J. 610, 707 (2004).
D. Stern, P. van Dokkum, P. Nugent, et al., Astrophys. J. 612, 690 (2004).
L. Li, R. Narayan, and K. Menou, Astrophys. J. 576, 753 (2002).
A. Renzini, Nature 378, 39 (1995).
A. Komossa and N. Bade, Astron. Astrophys. 343, 775 (1999).
A. Komossa and J. Greiner, Astron. Astrophys. 349, L45 (1999).
Y. Levin, A. S. P. Wu, and E. W. Thommes, astro-ph/0502143 (2005).
Q. Yu and S. Tremaine, Astrophys. J. 599, 1129 (2003).
A. V. Tutukov, Astron. Zh. 82, 1 (2005) [Astron. Rep. 49, 13 (2005)].
S. Komossa, Am. Inst. Phys. Conf. Proc. 686, 161 (2003).
R. Rieger and K. Maunheim, Astron. Astrophys. 397, 121 (2003).
A. Lobanov and J. Roland, astro-ph/0411417 (2004).
J. Gerssen, Astron. J. 127, 75 (2004).
F. Liu, X. Wu, and S. Cao, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 340, L411 (2003).
M. Seigar, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 344, 110 (2003).
H. Zhou, T. Wang, X. Zhang, et al., Astrophys. J. Lett. 604, L33 (2004).
N. Morgan, G. Burley, E. Costa, et al., Astron. J. 119, 1083 (2000).
G. Voit, astro-ph/0410173 (2004).
T. Ho, Astrophys. J. 564, 120 (2002).
W. de Vries, R. Becker, and R. White, Astron. J. 126, 1217 (2003).
R. B. Tully and J. R. Fisher, Astron. Astrophys. 54, 661 (1977).
M. Elvis, G. Risaliti, and G. Zamorani, Astrophys. J. Lett. 565, L75 (2002).
C. Zier and P. L. Bierman, Astron. Astrophys. 377, 23 (2001).
P. Guhathakurta, J. Ostheimer, K. Gilbert, et al., astro-ph/0502366 (2005).
M. Davies and A. King, astro-ph/0503441 (2005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
__________
Translated from Astronomicheski\(\overset{\lower0.5em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\smile}$}}{l}\) Zhurnal, Vol. 82, No. 9, 2005, pp. 763–778.
Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Tutukov, Fedorova.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tutukov, A.V., Fedorova, A.V. Acceleration of spatial motions of stars by close-binary supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. Astron. Rep. 49, 678–692 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1134/1.2045318
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/1.2045318