Abstract
A comparative analysis of data on the density, porosity, and intermolecular space of high-carbon shungites, graphite, glassy carbon, and C60 fullerite gave an estimate of the fullerene content in the shungite samples which agrees with the values obtained by electrochemical and polar solvent extraction methods. A low yield of fullerenes in the extracts obtained with nonpolar solvents is explained by the high polarity and large adsorption energy of fullerenes and related compounds.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. R. Buseck, S. J. Tsipurski, and R. Hettich, Science 257, 215 (1992).
S. V. Kholodkevich, A. V. Bekhrenev, V. K. Donchenko, et al., Dokl. Akad. Nauk 330(3), 340 (1993).
M. M. Filippov, A. I. Golubev, P. V. Medvedev, et al., Organic Substances of Shungite-Bearing Rocks of Karelia (Petrozavodsk, 1994).
N. P. Yushkin, Dokl. Akad. Nauk 337(6), 800 (1994).
Shungites of Karelia and Ways to Their Complex Use, ed. by V. A. Sokolov and Yu. K. Kalinin (Petrozavodsk, 1976).
V. A. Reznikov, Yu. S. Polekhovskii, and V. E. Kholmogorov, in Carbonaceous Formations in Geologic History, Abstracts of Papers (Petrozavodsk, 1998), pp. 71–72.
Yu. K. Kalinin, Zap. Vses. Mineral. O-va 119(5), 1 (1990).
S. V. Kholodkevich and V. V. Pobochii, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 20(3), 22 (1994) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 20, 99 (1994)].
S. V. Kozyrev and V. V. Rotkin, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. (St. Petersburg) 27(9), 1409 (1993) [Semiconductors 27, 777 (1993)].
Properties of Inorganic Compounds, ed. by A. I. Efimov (Khimiya, Leningrad, 1983).
V. P. Belousov, V. P. Budtov, O. B. Danilov, et al., Opt. Zh. 64(12), 3 (1997) [J. Opt. Technol. 64, 1081 (1997)].
V. A. Voll, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. (St. Petersburg) 29(10), 2071 (1995) [Semiconductors 29, 1081 (1995)].
A. V. Eletskii and B. M. Smirnov, Usp. Fiz. Nauk 165(9), 977 (1995) [Phys. Usp. 38, 935 (1995)].
A. L. Chistyakov and I. V. Stankevich, Izv. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Khim., No. 9, 1680 (1995).
V. V. Afrosimov, A. A. Basalaev, and M. N. Panov, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 66(5), 10 (1996) [Tech. Phys. 41, 412 (1996)].
Yu. I. Petrov, Physics of Small Particles (Nauka, Moscow, 1982).
V. A. Reznikov and A. V. Struts, Opt. Spektrosk. 73(2), 355 (1992) [Opt. Spectrosc. 73, 207 (1992)].
A. V. Klyuchnik, Yu. E. Lozovik, and A. V. Solodov, Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 65(6), 203 (1995) [Tech. Phys. 40, 633 (1995)].
Yu. M. Shul’ga and A. S. Lobach, Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 35(4), 1092 (1993) [Phys. Solid State 35, 557 (1993)].
V. A. Reznikov and A. A. Sukhanov, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25(8), 45 (1999) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 25, 313 (1999)].
L. N. Sidorov and O. V. Boltalina, Soros. Obrazov. Zh. 11, 35 (1997).
V. V. Kovalevskii, Zh. Neorg. Khim. 39(1), 31 (1994).
V. I. Ivanov-Omskii, A. A. Andreev, and G. S. Frolova, Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. (St. Petersburg) 33(5), 608 (1999) [Semiconductors 33, 569 (1999)].
V. A. Polukhin and E. A. Kibanova, Zh. Fiz. Khim. 73(3), 494 (1999).
J. Freder, Fractals (Plenum, New York, 1988; Mir, Moscow, 1991).
V. V. Kovalevski, A. N. Saphronov, and Ju. A. Markovski, Mol. Mater. 8, 21 (1996).
E. I. Givargizov, Growth of Filament and Platelike Crystals from Vapors (Moscow, 1977).
V. A. Reznikov, T. É. Kekhva, and B. T. Plachenov, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 16(22), 1 (1990) [Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 16, 847 (1990)].
A. A. Sukhanov and V. A. Reznikov, Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25(9), 56 (1999) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 25, 363 (1999)].
Yu. S. Polekhovskii and V. A. Reznikov, in Ore Formation and Localization in Earth’s Crust (St. Petersburg State. Univ., St. Petersburg, 1999), pp. 123–147.
V. M. Loktev, Fiz. Nizk. Temp. 18(3), 217 (1992) [Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys. 18, 149 (1992)].
K. Kniaz, J. E. Fisher, L. A. Girifallo, et al., Solid State Commun. 96, 739 (1995).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
__________
Translated from Pis’ma v Zhurnal Tekhnichesko\(\overset{\lower0.5em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\smile}$}}{l} \) Fiziki, Vol. 26, No. 15, 2000, pp. 94–102.
Original Russian Text Copyright © 2000 by Reznikov, Polekhovski\(\overset{\lower0.5em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\smile}$}}{l} \).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Reznikov, V.A., Polekhovskii, Y.S. Amorphous shungite carbon: A natural medium for the formation of fullerenes. Tech. Phys. Lett. 26, 689–693 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1307814
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1307814