Abstract
To evaluate the consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI), we used a model of lateral fluid percussion brain injury in freely moving male Wistar rats. The immediate response to TBI included development of motor excitation and tonic–clonic seizures. Morphological analysis was performed 7 day after TBI. To localize IgG in the brain, rat brain slices were double stained with antibodies against IgG and NeuN (neuronal marker). To evaluate the state of microglia, we performed staining with Isolectin B4 (a microglial marker). The number of neurons was measured in sections stained using the Nissl method. The results show the IgG accumulation in neurons adjacent to cortical focus of trauma. In the hippocampus, IgG was accumulated in the neurons of the ipsilateral hippocampal CA1 and CA2 fields and the dentate gyrus, while in the contralateral hemisphere IgG was accumulated in the neurons of the CA1 field. These changes were accompanied by activation of microglia in the hippocampus, as well as by a decrease in neuronal density in the dentate gyrus of the ipsilateral hippocampus. The results show that TBI leads to bilateral damage to the hippocampus.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Grady, M.S., Charleston, J.S., Maris, D., Witgen, B.M., and Lifshitz, J., J. Neurotrauma, 2003, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 929–941.
Tran, L.D., Lifshitz, J., Witgen, B.M., Schwarzbach, E., Cohen, A.S., and Grady, M.S., J. Neurotrauma, 2006, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 1330–1342.
Aungst, S.L., Kabadi, S.V., Thompson, S.M., Stoica, B.A., and Faden, A.I., J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 2014, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 1223–1232.
Fonseca, A.C., Matias, D., Garcia, C., Amaral, R., Geraldo, L.H., Freitas, C., and Lima, F.R., Front. Cell. Neurosci., 2014, vol. 8: 362.
Aihara, N., Tanno, H., Hall, J.J., Pitts, L.H., and Noble, L.J., J. Comp. Neurol., 1994, no. 4, pp. 481–496.
Hoshino, S., Kobayashi, S., and Nakazawa, S., Brain Res., 1996, vol. 711, nos. 1–2, pp. 73–83.
Salar, S., Maslarova, A., Lippmann, K., Nichtweiss, J., Weissberg, I., Sheintuch, L., Kunz, W.S., Shorer, Z., Friedman, A., and Heinemann, U., Epilepsia, 2014, vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 1255–1263.
Michalak, Z., Lebrun, A., Di Miceli, M., Rousset, M.C., Crespel, A., Coubes, P., Henshall, D.C., Lerner- Natoli, M., and Rigau, V., J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 2012, vol. 71, no. 9, pp. 826–838.
Kabadi, S.V., Hilton, G.D., Stoica, B.A., Zapple, D.N., and Faden, A.I., Nat. Protoc., 2010, vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 1552–1563.
Komol'tsev, I.G., Levshina, I.P., Novikova, M.R., Stepanichev, M.Yu., Tishkina, A.O., and Gulyaeva, N.V., Morfologiya, 2015, vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 14–20.
McIntosh, T.K., Vink, R., Noble, L., Yamakami, I., Fernyak, S., Soares, H., and Faden, A.L., Neuroscience, 1989, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 233–244.
Thompson, H.J., Lifshitz, J., Marklund, N., Grady, M.S., Graham, D.I., Hovda, D.A., and McIntosh, T.K., J. Neurotrauma, 2005, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 42–75.
Gurkoff, G.G., Gahan, J.D., Ghiasvand, R.T., Hunsaker, M.R., Van, K., Feng, J.F., Shahlaie, K., Berman, R.F., Lyeth, B.G., and Folkerts, M.M., J. Neurotrauma, 2013, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 292–300.
Jones, N.C., Cardamone, L., Williams, J.P., Salzberg, M.R., Myers, D., and O’Brien, T.J., J. Neurotrauma, 2008, vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 1367–1374.
Pitkanen, A. and Immonen, R., Neurotherapeutics, 2014, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 286–296.
Wulsin, A.C., Solomon, M.B., Privitera, M.D., Danzer, S.C., and Herman, J.P., Physiol. Behav., 2016, vol. 166, pp. 22–31.
Globus, M.Y., Alonso, O., Dietrich, W.D., Busto, R., and Ginsberg, M.D., J. Neurochem., 1995, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 1704–1711.
Krishnamurthy, K., and Laskowitz, D.T., in Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury, Laskowitz, D. and Grant, G., Eds., Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, 2016, ch. 5.
Pitkanen, A., Immonen, R.J., Grohn, O.H.J., and Kharatishvili, I., Epilepsia, 2009, vol. 50, pp. 21–29.
D’Ambrosio, R., Fender, J.S., Fairbanks, J.P., Simon, E.A., Born, D.E., Doyle, D.L., and Miller, J.W., Brain, 2005, vol. 128, no. 1, pp. 174–188.
Malmgren, K. and Thom, M., Epilepsia, 2012, vol. 53, pp. 19–33.
Aniol, V.A., Ivanova-Dyatlova, A.Y., Keren, O., Guekht, A.B., Sarne, Y., and Gulyaeva, N.V., Epilepsy Behav., 2013, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 196–202.
Onufriev, M.V., Stepanichev, M.Yu., Tishkina, A.O., Sidorova, S.V., and Gulyaeva, N.V., Neurochem. J., 2014, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 71–77.
Tobin, R.P., Mukherjee, S., Kain, J.M., Rogers, S.K., Henderson, S.K., Motal, H.L., Newell Rogers, M.K., and Shapiro, L.A., Acta Neuropathol. Commun., 2014, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 143.
Zhang, J., Niu, N., Li, B., and McNutt, M.A., J. Histochem. Cytochem., 2013, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 869–879.
Ohara, S., Inoue, K., Yamada, M., Yamawaki, T., Koganezawa, N., Tsutsui, K., Witter, M.P., and Iijima, T., Front. Neuroanat., 2009, vol. 3, no. 1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © I.G. Komol’tsev, A.A. Volkova, I.P. Levshina, M.R. Novikova, A.O. Manolova, M.Yu. Stepanichev, N.V. Gulyaeva, 2018, published in Neirokhimiya, 2018, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp. 250–255.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Komol’tsev, I.G., Volkova, A.A., Levshina, I.P. et al. The Number of IgG-Positive Neurons in the Rat Hippocampus Increases after Dosed Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurochem. J. 12, 256–261 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712418030054
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712418030054