Conclusion
Our evidence suggests that the tip necrosis disease in passionfruit on the New South Wales North Coast results from infection of the commercial plants with CMV. These plants already contain a mild strain of PWV through the accreditation scheme. it is probable that the tip necrosis disease seen in the field and that produced experimentally resulted from a dual infection with CMV and PWV, because neither virus alone causes such a severe disease (8) and there was no indication of the presence of the tip blighting strain of PWV. Also, experimental inoculation of CMV to passionfruit seedlings infected with PWV produces a severe disease syndrome that includes tip necrosis (8).
The reasons for the occurrence of CMV and the tip necrosis disease during 1984 is not known. The virus has a wide host range including cultivated and weed species. It is also efficiently transmitted in a nonpersistent manner by many aphid species. The incidence of CMV in other crops in New South Wales was also higher during 1984 (R.D. Pares, unpublished information).
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Pares, R.D., Martin, A.B. & Fitzell, R.D. Virus-induced tip necrosis of passionfruit Passiflora edulis Sims). Australasian Plant Pathology 14, 76–78 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1071/APP9850076
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/APP9850076