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The genetic diversity of ampeloviruses in Australian pineapples and their association with mealybug wilt disease

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Abstract

Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 1 (PMWaV-1), 2 (PMWaV-2) and 3 (PMWaV-3) have been detected in Australian commercial pineapple crops, along with a previously undescribed ampelovirus, forwhich the name Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 5 (PMWaV-5) is proposed. Partial sequences extending from open reading frame 1 b through to the heat shock protein homologue were obtained for PMWaV-1, -3 and -5. Phylogenetic analyses of selected regions of these sequences indicated that PMWaV-5 is a distinct species and most closely related to PMWaV-1. The amino acid sequence variation observed in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region of PMWaV-1 isolates was 95.8–98.4% and of PMWaV-3 isolates was 92.2–99.5%. p ]In surveys of mealybug wilt disease (MWD) affected crops, none of the four viruses was clearly associated with the disease at all survey sites. A statistically significant association (P <0.001) between the presence of PMWaV-2 and symptoms was observed at one survey site (site 3), but the virus was at a low incidence at the remaining three survey sites. By contrast, although PMWaV-1 and −3 were equally distributed between symptomless and MWD-affected plants at site 3, there was a statistically significant (P < 0.001) association between each of these two viruses and MWD at sites 1 and 4. At site 2, there was a statistically significant (P < 0.001) association only between PMWaV-3 and MWD. PMWaV-1 was the most commonly found of the four viruses and conversely PMWaV-5 was only occasionally found. Australian isolates of PMWaV-1, -2 and -3 were transmitted by the mealybug species Dysmicoccus brevipes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Horticulture and Forestry Science, 80 Meiers Road, 4068, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia

    C. F. Gambley, V. Steele, A. D. W. Geering & J. E. Thomas

  2. School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, 4072, St Lucia, Qld, Australia

    C. F. Gambley

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  1. C. F. Gambley
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  2. V. Steele
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  3. A. D. W. Geering
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  4. J. E. Thomas
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Correspondence to C. F. Gambley.

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Gambley, C.F., Steele, V., Geering, A.D.W. et al. The genetic diversity of ampeloviruses in Australian pineapples and their association with mealybug wilt disease. Australasian Plant Pathology 37, 95–105 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1071/AP07096

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AP07096

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