Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Resistance to powdery mildew in populations of barley landraces from Morocco

  • Published:
Australasian Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Forty one populations of barley landraces collected from Morocco were screened for resistance to powdery mildew and a number of different resistance genes were detected. Test populations were sourced from the collection of the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria. Eighteen populations of landraces (about 44%) showed resistant reactions and 38 resistant single plants were selected, increased and screened as seedlings. Fourteen of these lines were tested with 17 differential isolates of powdery mildew, and 24 lines were tested with 23 isolates. The isolates were chosen according to their virulence spectra observed on the Pallas isolines differential set. Eight lines (566-2-2, 569-3-3, 570-2-2, 576-1-1, 576-1-4, 592-1-5, 592-3-1 and 594-1-2) selected from six populations of landraces showed resistance to all powdery mildew virulence genes prevalent in Europe. About 84% of all reaction types were classified as resistant (scores 0, 1 and 2). The most frequent score was 2 (64%). Thirty-one lines (82%) showed reaction type 2 against more than 50% of isolates used. It was impossible to postulate which specific allele or alleles for resistance are present in 24 of the tested lines. However, presence of reaction types 0, 1 and 2 indicate that these lines may have many alleles for resistance. Among specific resistance alleles the most common was allele Mlat (Atlas resistance). This allele was postulated to be present in thirteen (34%) of the tested lines. The use of newly identified sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley breeding is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andrivon, D. and de Vallavieille-Pope, C. (1992) — Racespecific resistance genes against Erysiphe graminis f. sp, hordei in old and recent French barley accessions. Plant Breeding 108: 40–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biffen, R.K. (1907) — Studies on the inheritance of disease resistance. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 2: 109–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J.K.M. (1996) — Fungicide resistance in barley powdery mildew: from genetics to crop protection. In European and Mediterranean Cereal Rust and Powdery Mildews Conference. (Eds G.H.J. Kema, R.E. Niks and R.A. Daamen), pp. 259–267. Lunteren, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J.K.M. and Jøorgensen, J.H. (1991) — A catalogue of mildew resistance genes in European barley varieties. In Integrated Control of Cereal Mildews: Virulence Patterns and Their Change (Ed J.H. Jørgensen), pp. 263–286. Rim National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caddel, J.L. (1976) — Sources of resistance to powdery mildew of barley in Morocco. Plant Disease Reporter 60: 65–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceccarelli. S., Grando, S. and Leur, J.A.G. van (1995) — Barley landraces of the fertile crescent offer new breeding options for stress environments. Diversity 11: 112–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, J.H. (1999) — Resistance to powdery mildew in barley landraces from Tunisia. Plant Breeding and Seed Science 43: 49–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, J.H. and Czembor, H.J. (1999) — Resistance to powdery mildew in barley landraces collected from Jordan. Plant Breeding and Seed Science 43: 65–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, J.H., and Johnston, M.R. (1999) — Resistance to powdery mildew in selections from Tunisian barley landraces. Plant Breeding 118: 503–509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, H.J. (1976) — Sources of resistance in barley to Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Hodowla Roślin Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo 20: 467–490.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, H. J. and Gacek, E. (1990) — Selected problems of disease resistance breeding of cereals. Biulletyn IHAR 173–174: 53–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, H.J. and Gacek, E.S. (1995) — Systems for increasing durability of disease resistance in cereals. In Proceedings of second symposium on Plant Resistance to Diseases, Pests and Unfavorable Environmental Conditions. (Eds E. Arseniuk, T. Góral and P.C. Czembor), pp. 39–48. IHAR Radzików, Poland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, H.J. and Gacek, E.S. (1996) — The use of cultivar and species mixtures to control diseases for yield improvement in cereals in Poland. In Integrated Control of Cereal Mildews and Rusts: Towards Co-ordination of Research Across Europe (Eds E. Limpert, M.R. Finckh and M.S. Wolfe), pp. 177–184. Kluwer, Dordreccht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czembor, H.J., Gacek, E.S. and Kudla, M.M. (1979) — Sources of resistance to barley mildew Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Hodowla Roślin Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo 23: 337–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gacek, E. and Czembor, H.J. (1988) — Quantitative analysis of the barley powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) population structure. Biulletyn IHAR 167: 13–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammer K., Knupffer, H., Xhuveli, L. and Perrino, P. (1996) — Estimating genetic erosion in landraces — two case studies. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 43: 329–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Honecker. L. (1938) — Über die physiologische Spezialisierung des Gerstenmeltaues als Grundlage für die Immunitätszüchtung. Züchter 10: 169–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, J.H. (1992) — Discovery, characterization and exploitation of Mlo powdery mildew resistance in barley. Euphytica 63: 141–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, J.H. (1994) — Genetics of powdery mildew resistance in barley. Critical Review of Plant Science 13: 97–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, J.H. and Jensen, H.P. (1997) — Powdery mildew resistance in barley landrace material. I. Screening for resistance. Euphytica 97: 227–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kølster, P., Munk, L., Stølen, O. and Løhde, J. (1986) — Near-isogenic barley lines with genes for resistance to powdery mildew. Crop Science 26: 903–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann, L., and Bothmer von, R. (1988) — Hordeum spontaneum and land races as a gene resource for barley breeding. In Cereal Breeding Related to Integrated Cereal Production (Eds M.L. Jorna and L.A.J. Slootmaker), pp. 190–194. PUDOC, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leur, J.A.G. van, Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. (1989) — Diversity for disease resistance in barley landraces from Syria and Jordan. Plant Breeding 103: 324–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Limpert, E. (1987) — Barley mildew in Europe: evidence of wind-dispersal of the pathogen and its implications for improved use of host resistance and of fungicides for mildew control. In Integrated Control of Cereal Mildews: Monitoring the Pathogen (Eds M. Nijhoff, M.S Wolfe and E. Limpert), pp. 31–33. Kluwer, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mains, E.B. and Dietz, S.M. (1930) — Physiologic forms of barley mildew, Erysiphe graminis hordei Marchal. Phytopathology 20: 229–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Molina-Cano, J.L., Fra-Mon, P., Salcedo, G., Aragoncillo, C., Roca de Togores, F. and Garcia-Olmedo, F. (1987) — Morocco as a possible domestication center for barley: biochemical and agromorphological evidence. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 73: 531–536.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molina-Cano, J.L., Moralejo, M., Igartua, E, and Romagosa, I. (1999) — Further evidence supporting Morocco as a centre of origin of barley. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 913–918.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Negassa, M. (1985) — Geographic distribution and genotypic diversity of resistance to powdery mildew of barley in Ethiopia. Hereditas 102: 113–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nover, I. and Lehman, C.O. (1973) — Resistenzeigenschaften im gersten- und weizensortiment Gatersleben 17. Prüfung von Sommergersten auf ihr verhalten gegen Mehltau (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. hordei Marchal). Kulturpflanze 21: 275–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perrino, P., Polignano, G.B., Sui-Kwong, J, and Khouya-Ali, M. (1986) — Collecting germplasm in southern Morocco. Plant Genetics Resources Newsletter 65: 26–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmusson, D.C. (1985) — Barley. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, Publishers. Madison, Wisconsin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willcox, G. (1995) — Archeobotanists sleuth out origins of agriculture from early Neolithic sites in the Eastern Mediterranean. Diversity 11: 141–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whisson, D.L. (1996) — Molecular characterisation and pathogenicity of Erysiphe graminis f. sp, hordei in Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology 25: 55–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, M.S. (1987) — Trying to understand and control powdery mildew. In Populations of Plant Pathogens: their Dynamics and Genetics (Eds M.S. Wolfe and C.E. Caten), pp. 253–273. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yahyaoui A.H., Reinhold, M. and Scharen, A.L. (1997) — Virulence spectrum in populations of barley powdery mildew pathogen, Etysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei in Tunisia and Morocco in 1992. Plant Pathology 46: 139–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeven, A.C. (1996) — Results of activities to maintain landraces and other material in some European countries in situ before 1945 and what we may learn from them. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 43: 337–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zohary, D. (1999) — Monophyletic vs. polyphyletic origin of the crops on which agriculture was founded in the Near East. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 46: 133–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zohary, D. and Hopf, M. (1988) — Domestication of Plants in the Old World. Clarendon, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding and Genetics Department, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, 05-870, Radzikow, Blonie, Poland

    Jerzy H. Czembor

Authors
  1. Jerzy H. Czembor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jerzy H. Czembor.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Czembor, J.H. Resistance to powdery mildew in populations of barley landraces from Morocco. Australasian Plant Pathology 29, 137–148 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1071/AP00022

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AP00022

Additional keywords

Search

Navigation