Abstract
An orchard experiment was established to determine the long-term (six year) effects of chemical (sodium methyldithiocarbonate — metam sodium), fertiliser (monoammonium phosphate) and biological agents [strain B8 of Enterobacter agglomerans, strain EBW-4 of Bacillus subtilis and Glomus intraradices (GI)] alone and in selected combinations on tree growth, fruit production and root rot incidence of apple trees in apple-replant-disease soil that was conducive to replant disease over six years. The response was measured by increases in trunk cross-sectional area, fruit yield and percent root rot of Gala apple trees on M.9 rootstock. The application of E. agglomerans (B8), B. subtilis (EBW-4), G. intraradices (GI), metam sodium (MS), MS + B8, MS + GI and B8 + EBW-4 significantly increased fruit yield, tree trunk growth and reduced infection by Phytophthora cactorum and Pythium ultimum. These results suggest the potential use of E. aerogenes (B8), B. subtilis (EBW-4) and G. intraradices to increase growth and fruit production of apple trees planted in soil conducive to replant disease.
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Utkhede, R.S., Smith, E.M. Impact of chemical, biological and cultural treatments on the growth and yield of apple in replant-disease soil. Australasian Plant Pathology 29, 129–136 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1071/AP00021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AP00021