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Russian space policy and identity: visionary or reactionary?

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Abstract

Why is there a lack of grand, forward-looking vision in contemporary Russian space policy? Our study reveals nothing that compares with either ambitious Soviet goals or contemporary American goals of being first, reaching farthest, and being a dominant power in space; nor are there any clear explanations available of what goals Russia pursues in space. Notwithstanding the celebrational rhetoric on Russia being an ‘acknowledged leader’ which recurrently refers to its superpower past, the substance of contemporary Russian space policy is not focused on hegemony but rather on reaching equal status, catching up, being competitive, and strengthening independent access to space. Whether motivated by a shift to a less ambitious great power identity seeking equal status rather than dominance or departing from a perception of inferiority in comparison with the West, Russian space policy simultaneously seeks lasting space cooperation with the US and criticises the US for militarisation of space. This may seem paradoxical from a geopolitical perspective, but it makes sense from an identity perspective; for better or worse, the US remains Russia’s ‘significant other’ in space.

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Notes

  1. For instance, on GLONASS and communication services (Kremlin 2009b; cf. Khozin 1996). .

  2. Kremlin (2000). Similarly couched statements were made in 2001 and again in 2006 and 2007 (Kremlin 2001b, 2006, 2007c).

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Acknowledgements

The research presented in this article was made possible by a generous Grant from the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies for our Project ‘Russia in Space’. We are also grateful for the many useful comments on earlier versions of this paper presented at the 2019 BASEES Conference at Cambridge University, and at the Political Science Research Seminar at Södertörn University. Finally, many thanks for constructive comments and suggestions from the anonymous reviewers, and the editors of Journal of International Relations and Development.

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  1. Department of Political Science, School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, 14189, Huddinge, Sweden

    Johan Eriksson & Roman Privalov

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Eriksson, J., Privalov, R. Russian space policy and identity: visionary or reactionary?. J Int Relat Dev 24, 381–407 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41268-020-00195-8

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