Skip to main content
Log in

Macroeconomic labour productivity and its impact on firm's profitability

  • Special Issue Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Operational Research Society

Abstract

The construction industry is one of the largest sectors in the US economy, yet little is known about the key macroeconomic parameters that affect its industry’s structure and performance. The main objectives of this research are (1) to analyse the macroeconomic performance of construction industry as a whole and at 14 of its sub-sectors in terms of labour productivity, gross margin, and worker's wages; and (2) to develop a quantitative model that predicts a firm's profitability by analysing various levels of labour productivity. The results of a non-linear regression analysis based on the comprehensive US Economic Census data show that the construction industry’s sub-sectors with the highest productivity are the most profitable with regard to the gross margins that they are able to generate. This study and its model will help decision makers better assess macroeconomic performance and conduct trend analysis of the construction industry to serve as a basis for developing strategic roadmap for the future.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3

References

  • Allmon E, Haas CT, Borcherding JD and Goodrum PM (2000). US construction labor productivity trends, 1970–1998. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 126 (2): 97–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson R (1994). Atlas of the American Economy: An Illustrated Guide to Industries and Trends. Congressional Quarterly: Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Assaf S and Al-Hejji S (2006). Causes of delay in large construction projects. International Journal of Project Management 24 (4): 349–357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartel AP and Sicherman N (1997). Technological change and wages: An inter-industry analysis. http://www.nber.org/papers/w5941.pdf?new_window=1, accessed 20 September 2012.

  • Bernstein H (2003). Measuring productivity: An industry challenge. Civil Engineering Magazine, ASCE 73 (12): 46–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein H and Lemer A (1996). Solving the Innovation Puzzle: Challenges Facing the US Design & Construction Industry. ASCE Press: New York, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • BFC (2006). Measuring productivity and evaluating innovation in the US construction industry. http://www.thebfc.org/uploads/BFC_Productivity_whitepaper.pdf, accessed 15 April 2011.

  • Bloom D and Freeman R (1986). The effects of rapid population growth on labor supply and employment in developing countries. Population and Development Review 12 (3): 381–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloom N, Dorgan S, Dowdy J and Reenen J (2007). Management, practice & productivity: Why they matter. http://www.stanford.edu/∼nbloom/ManagementReport.pdf, accessed 10 September 2011.

  • BLS (2011a). Bureau of Labor Statistics, consumer price index. http://www.bls.gov/cpi, accessed 2 February 2012.

  • BLS (2011b). Bureau of Labor Statistics, consumer price index, inflation calculator. http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm, accessed 28 January 2012.

  • Chanmeka A, Thomas SR, Caldas CH and Mulva SP (2012). Assessing key factors impacting the performance and productivity of oil and gas projects in Alberta. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39 (3): 259–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chansarn S (2010). Labor productivity growth, education, health and technological progress: A cross-country analysis. Economic Analysis & Policy 40 (2): 249–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman RE and Butry DT (2008). Measuring and Improving the Productivity of the US Construction Industry: Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities. National Institute of Standards and Technology: Washington DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franzluebbers A (2007). Integrated crop-livestock systems in the southeastern USA. American Society of Agronomy 99 (2): 361–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freeman R (2008). Labour productivity indicators. http://www.oecd.org/employment/labourstatistics/41354425.pdf, accessed 10 October 2011.

  • Ghoddousi P and Hosseini MR (2012). A survey of the factors affecting the productivity of construction projects in Iran. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 18 (1): 99–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goetz M, Laeven L and Levine R (2012). The valuation effects of geographic diversification: Evidence from U.S. banks. International Monetary Fund (IMF) Working Paper.

  • Goodrum PM and Haas CT (2002). Partial factor productivity and equipment technology change at activity level in US construction industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 128 (6): 463–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrickson C and Au T (2008). Fundamental Concepts for Owners, Engineers, Architects, and Builders. http://pmbook.ce.cmu.edu/.

  • Jarkas AM (2011). Buildability factors influencing concreting labor productivity. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138 (1): 89–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jarkas AM (2012). Influence of buildability factors on rebar installation labor productivity of columns. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138 (2): 258–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koebel C, Papadakis M, Hudson E and Cavell M (2004). The diffusion of innovation in the residential building industry. http://www.huduser.org/Publications/PDF/Diffusion_Report.pdf, accessed 16 November 2011.

  • Laidler D (1991). The Golden Age of the Quantity Theory. Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Li X and Prescott D (2009). Measuring Productivity in the Service Sector. Canadian Tourism Human Research Council and University of Guelph: Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lööf H and Heshmati A (2002). Knowledge capital and performance heterogeneity: A firm level innovation study. International Journal of Production Mechanics 76 (01): 61–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Los B and Timmer M (2005). The ‘appropriate technology’ explanation of productivity growth differentials: An empirical approach. Journal of Development Economics 77 (2): 517–531.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutzenhiser L, Cesafsky L, Chappells H, Gossard M, Moezzi M, Moran D, Peters J, Spahic M, Stern P, Simmons E and Wilhite H (2009). Behavioral assumptions underlying California residential sector energy efficiency programs. http://uc-ciee.org/downloads/ba_ee_res_wpsumm.pdf, accessed 18 November 2011.

  • Ott RL and Longnecker MT (2000). An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis. Duxbury Press: Pacific Grove, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Page I and Curtis M (2011). Study report: Firm productivity variations. http://www.branz.co.nz/cms_show_download.php?id=58c58fbf2b947a181f130baf0e8ebd025a873fa6, accessed 15 October 2011.

  • Rojas EM and Aramvareekul P (2003). Is construction labor productivity really declining? Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 129 (1): 41–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sabol L (2007). Technology, change, and the building industry. Real Estate Review 36 (3): 87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanvido VE (1988). Conceptual construction process model. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 114 (2): 294–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen Z, Jensen W, Berryman C and Zhu Y (2011). Comparative study of activity-based construction labor productivity in the United States and China. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 27 (2): 116–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiedl D (1998). Productivity Norms for Labour Based Construction. International Labor Organisation: Nairobi, Kenya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas H and Raynar K (1997). Scheduled overtime and labor productivity: Quantitative analysis. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 123 (2): 181–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuchman J (2003). Accurate measures are elusive. http://enr.construction.com/news/bizLabor/archives/030512.asp, accessed 20 February 2011.

  • Turin DA and Reid DAG (1975). Aspects of the Economics of Construction. Godwin Publishers: London.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau (2011a). 2007 economic census: Construction sector. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/MetadataBrowserServlet?type=surveyInstance&id=Construction&&sectorId=&survey=2007+Economic+Census&_lang=en%3E, accessed 31 January 2012.

  • US Census Bureau (2011b). 2007 economic census: User guide. http://www.census.gov/econ/census07/www/user_guide.html, accessed 3 February 2012.

  • US Census Bureau (2011c). North American industry classification system–2007. http://www.census.gov/epcd/naics07/%3E, accessed 10 February 2012.

  • US Census Bureau (2012a). Construction spending: Value of construction work put in place at a glance. http://www.census.gov/construction/c30/c30index.html, accessed 1 October 2012.

  • US Census Bureau (2012b). The 2012 statistical abstract: Income, expenditures, poverty, & wealth: Gross domestic product (GDP). http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s0673.pdf, accessed 11 November 2012.

  • US Census Bureau (2012c). Construction spending: Value of construction work put in place at a glance 2010. http://www.census.gov/construction/c30/pdf/totsa2010.pdf, accessed 11 November 2012.

  • Yeaple SR (2005). A simple model of firm heterogeneity, international trade, and wages. Journal of International Economics 65 (1): 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K Choi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Choi, K., Haque, M., Lee, H. et al. Macroeconomic labour productivity and its impact on firm's profitability. J Oper Res Soc 64, 1258–1268 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2012.157

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2012.157

Keywords

Navigation