Abstract
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• Most of the edible forest mushrooms are mycorrhizal and depend on carbohydrates produced by the associated trees. Fruiting patterns of these fungi are not yet fully understood since climatic factors alone do not completely explain mushroom occurrence.
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• The objective of this study was to retrospectively find out if changing tree growth following an increment thinning has influenced the diversity patterns and productivity of associated forest mushrooms in the fungus reserve La Chanéaz, Switzerland.
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• The results reveal a clear temporal relationship between the thinning, the growth reaction of trees and the reaction of the fungal community, especially for the ectomycorrhizal species. The tree-ring width of the formerly suppressed beech trees and the fruit body number increased after thinning, leading to a significantly positive correlation between fruit body numbers and tree-ring width.
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• Fruit body production was influenced by previous annual tree growth, the best accordance was found between fruit body production and the tree-ring width two years previously.
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• The results support the hypothesis that ectomycorrhizal fruit body production must be linked with the growth of the associated host trees. Moreover, the findings indicate the importance of including mycorrhizal fungi as important players when discussing a tree as a carbon source or sink.
Résumé
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• La plupart des champignons comestibles des forêts sont mycorhiziens et dépendent des hydrates de carbone produits par les arbres associés. Le processus de fructification de ces champignons n’est pas encore totalement connu. À eux seuls, les facteurs climatiques ne sont pas en mesure d’expliquer l’apparition d’années pauvres ou riches en champignons.
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• Cette étude a pour but de vérifier, d’une manière rétrospective, si la modification de la croissance des arbres, induite par une mise en lumière suite à une éclaircie, influence la diversité et la productivité des champignons dans la réserve mycologique de La Chanéaz en Suisse.
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• Les résultats montrent une relation temporelle nette entre l’éclaircie, la réaction de croissance des arbres et la réaction des communautés de champignons, spécialement pour les espèces ectomycorhiziennes. Nous avons observé une augmentation tant de la largeur des cernes des hêtres autrefois dominés que du nombre de carpophores, conduisant à une corrélation positive entre les deux variables.
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• La production de carpophores était influencée par la croissance annuelle précédente des arbres. La meilleure concordance a été trouvée entre la production de carpophores et la largeur des cernes deux ans auparavant.
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• Les résultats sont en accord avec l’hypothèse que la production de carpophores des champignons mycorrhiziens est liée à la croissance des arbres associés. En outre, les résultats montrent qu’il est essentiel de tenir compte du rôle important des champignons mycorhiziens lorsqu’on débat de l’arbre en tant que source ou puits de carbone.
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Egli, S., Ayer, F., Peter, M. et al. Is forest mushroom productivity driven by tree growth? Results from a thinning experiment. Ann. For. Sci. 67, 509 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1051/forest/2010011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/forest/2010011