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Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting — Perioperative results and 1-year follow-up

Perioperative Resultate und Verlauf im ersten Jahr nach koronarer Bypassoperation am schlagenden Herzen

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Summary

Background: Safety and benefits of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) are still intensively discussed topics. The aim of this study was to compare the predicted and the observed mortality and stroke rate in a consecutive series of OPCAB patients and to analyse factors influencing the occurrence of adverse events during the first postoperative year.

Methods: 149 patients (age 68 [37–85] years, 108 male, 41 female) underwent OPCAB at our institution between 1998 and 2002. Median EuroSCORE and McSPI stroke risk index predictions concerning the perioperative mortality and stroke rate were 5 % (0–17 %) and 2 % (0.2–30 %). In order to obtain follow-up data, hospital medical records were reviewed, patients were contacted by telephone and additional information was collected from primary physicians and cardiologists.

Results: Overall mortality was 4.0 % and the overall stroke rate was 0.0 %. Among our patient series we noticed 5.4 % myocardial infarctions, 10.1 % low cardiac output syndromes, and 8.1 % renal failures requiring haemofiltration. In 53% of our cases, blood transfusions were necessary. Seventy-nine per cent of the patients stayed free from major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) during the first postoperative year. A higher risk score for perioperative mortality, revascularization of the circumflex artery territory, the extent of coronary artery revascularization, and the presence of systemic atherosclerotic disease were significant factors influencing the occurrence of MACCE.

Conclusions: OPCAB can achieve perioperative results that are better than those predicted by common risk scores. Major adverse events during the first postoperative year primarily occur in high-risk patients, in those with extensive atherosclerotic disease, in patients with extensive revascularization, and in patients undergoing revascularization of the circumflex artery territory.

Zusammenfassung

Grundlagen: Die Sicherheit und Vorteile von OPCAB (off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting) sind noch immer kontroversiell diskutierte Themen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, unsere Ergebnisse nach OPCAB mit der vorausgesagten Mortalitäts- und Schlaganfallsrate zu vergleichen. Weiters wollten wir analysieren, welche Faktoren den Verlauf im ersten postoperativen Jahr beeinflussen.

Methodik: Von 1998 bis 2002 unterzogen sich 149 Patienten (Alter 68 [37–85] Jahre, 108 Männer/41 Frauen) an unserer Abteilung einer OPCAB-Operation. Der mediane EuroSCORE und McSPI-Stroke Risk Index zur Vorhersage von perioperativer Mortalität und Schlaganfallsrate betrugen 5 % (0–17 %) und 2 % (0,2–30 %). Krankengeschichten, Telefoninterviews mit Patienten und Gespräche mit Hausärzten bzw. Kardiologen dienten uns als Quelle von Follow-up Daten.

Ergebnisse: Die Mortalitäts- und Schlaganfallsrate betrugen 4,0 % und 0,0 %. Bei 5,4 % der Patienten wurde ein perioperativer Myokardinfarkt festgestellt, 10,1 % erlitten ein Low-cardiac-output-Syndrom, bei 8,1 % war eine Hämofiltration not-wendig. In 53 % der Fälle wurde eine Bluttransfusion durch geführt. 79 % unserer Patienten waren nach dem ersten postoperativen Jahr frei von MACCE (major adverse cardiac and cerebral events). Ein höherer EuroSCORE, eine Revaskularisation des R. zirkumflexus Gebietes, das Ausmaß der Revaskularisation und das Vorhandensein einer systemischen Atherosklerose zeigten einen signifikanten Einfluß auf das Auftreten von MACCE.

Schlußfolgerungen: Mit OPCAB können bessere perioperative Resultate erzielt werden als von allgemein gültigen Risikoklassifizierungssystemen vorhergesagt. Major Adverse Events treten im ersten postoperativen Jahr vor allem bei Patienten mit einem höheren EuroSCORE, einer systemischen Atherosklerose, bei Patienten mit extensiver Revaskularisation und Bypassversorgung des R. zirkumflexus-Gebietes auf.

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Correspondence to J. Bonatti M.D..

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Danzmayr, M., Riha, M., Nagele, G. et al. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting — Perioperative results and 1-year follow-up. Eur Surg 35, 107–110 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1682-4016.2003.03031.x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1682-4016.2003.03031.x

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