The causal agent of the mass mortality of field populations of Pinus armandii Franch. var. amamiana (Koidz.) Hatusima (PAA) was investigated with special respect to the involvement of pine wilt disease. Wood chips, branches and/or increment cores for detecting the pinewood nematode, feeding marks of the vector insect and environmental stress in the past, respectively, were taken from live and dead PAA trees grown in three locations, Yaku-shima and Tanega-shima Islands and a plantation in Kagoshima City, from 1997 to 1998. Five trees died after the spring of 1996 and, of these, four were inhabited by the pinewood nematode. Feeding marks of the vector insects were found on the branches of all dead trees and most of the live trees investigated. These results suggest that the infection of pine wilt disease in PAA trees occurs in the field. Annual ring growth of the sample trees showed neither intervention nor growth reduction, which implies strong environmental stress that may cause mortality in PAA trees.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
REFERENCES
Bartholomay G. A., Eckert R. T., Eckert K. T. (1997) Reductions in tree-ring widths of white pine following ozone exposure at Acadia National Park, Maine, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 27: 361–368.
Dwyer J. P., Cutter B. E., Wetteroff J. J. (1995) A dendrochronological study of black and scarlet oak decline in the Missouri Ozarks. Forest Ecology and Management 75: 69–75.
Enda N. & Mamiya Y. (1972) [Effect of feeding of Monochamus alternatus adults on mortality of pine trees.] Transaction of 83rd Annual Meeting of Japanese Forest Society pp. 320–322 (in Japanese).
Futai K. & Furuno T. (1974) [The variety of resistance among pine-species to pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus lignicolus.] Bulletin of Kyoto University Forests 51: 23–36 (in Japanese with English summary).
Han Y., Castello J. D., Leopold D. J. (1991) Ash yellows, drought, and decline in radial growth of white ash. Plant Disease 75: 18–23.
Hatusima S. (1938) [Taxonomic study on Pinus armandii Franch. & Pinus amamiana Koidz.] Journal of the Japanese Forestry Society 20: 392–400 (in Japanese).
Hayashi S., Umata H., Takahashi Y. (1984) [Forest genetic studies on Yakutanegoyo (Pinus armandii Franch. var. amamiana Hatusima) for a preventive from its extermination I. The actuality of the Yakutanegoyo.] Bulletin of Kagoshima University Forests 12: 67–77 (in Japanese with English summary).
Kanetani S., Hosoyamada S., Gyokusen K., Saito A. (1998) [Seed dispersal of Pinus armandii Franch var. amamiana Hatusima at Terayama Station for Education and Research on Nature, Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University.] Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University 49: 95–104 (in Japanese with English summary).
Kanetani S., Saito A., Gyokusen K. (1995) [The population of Yakutanegoyo (Pinus armandii Franch. var. amamiana Hatusima) in Tanega-shima Island and its origin in mainland of Kagoshima Prefecture.] Transaction of the Annual Meeting of Japanese Forest Society Kyushu Branch 48: 65–66 (in Japanese).
Kishi Y. (1995) The Pine Wood Nematode and the Japanese Pine Sawyer. Thomas Company, Tokyo.
Kiyohara T. & Tokushige Y. (1971) [Inoculation experiments of a nematode, Bursaphelenchus sp. onto pine trees.] Journal of the Japanese Forestry Society 53: 210–218 (in Japanese with English summary).
Mamiya Y. (1983) Pathology of the pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Annual Review of Phytopathology 21: 201–220.
Mamiya Y. (1988) History of the pine wilt disease in Japan. Journal of Nematology 20: 219–226.
Mamiya Y. & Enda N. (1972) Transmission of Bursaphelenchus lignicolus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) by Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Nematologica 18: 159–162.
Morimoto K. & Iwasaki A. (1972) [Rôle of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) as a vector of Bursaphelenchus lignicolus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae).] Journal of the Japanese Forestry Society 53: 210–218 (in Japanese with English summary).
Pedersen B. S. (1998) The role of stress in the mortality of midwestern oaks as indicated by growth prior to death. Ecology 79: 79–93.
Sutherland E. K. & Martin B. (1990) Growth response of Pseudotsuga menziesii to air pollution from copper smelting. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20: 1020–1030.
Terashita K. & Matsumoto K. (1986) [Pathogenicity of the pine wood nematode to Pinus armandii var. amamiana.] Transaction of 106th Annual Meeting of Jones Forestry Society Kyushu Branch 39: 159–160 (in Japanese).
The Environment Agency (1997) [New Japanese red list in plants.] The Environment Agency, Tokyo (in Japanese).
Yahara T., Ohba H., Murata J., Iwatsuki K. (1987) Taxonomic review of vascular plants endemic to Yakushima Island, Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo Section III (14): 69–119.
Yamamoto C. & Akashi T. (1994) [Preliminary report on the distribution and conservation of a rare tree species, Pinus armandii var. amamiana.] Transaction of 105th Annual Meeting of Jones Forestry Society p. 750 (in Japanese).
Yasuda Y., Yamashita T., Kido K. (1993) [Effect of air pollution on annual ring width of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. & Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, in Kitakyushu City.] Journal of Japan Society for Air Pollution 28: 153–158 (in Japanese with English summary).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Nakamura, K., Akiba, M. & Kanetani, S. Pine wilt disease as promising causal agent of the mass mortality of Pinus armandii Franch. var. amamiana (Koidz.) Hatusima in the field. Ecol Res 16, 795–801 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2001.00434.x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2001.00434.x