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A mechanism study on the photocatalytic inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria by CuxO loaded rhodium–antimony co-doped TiO2 nanorods

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Abstract

This study presents the first report on the photocatalytic inactivation mechanism for a Salmonella typhimurium pathogen by visible-light active CuxO loaded rhodium–antimony co-doped TiO2 nanorods (CuxO/Rh–Sb–TiO2 NRs) under visible light irradiation (cutoff filter, λ ≥ 420 nm). Remarkably higher pathogenic inactivation of 4 log within 40 min by a CuxO supported Rh–Sb–TiO2 NR photocatalyst was observed. The visible light active photocatalyst mainly produced reduced Cu+ in the lattice of CuxO by charge separation. By this means, photo-generated electrons at the conduction band of Rh–Sb–TiO2 NRs play an important role in reducing Cu2+ to Cu+ through the photocatalytic reduction reaction (PRR), and at the valence band of Rh–Sb–TiO2 NRs, photo-generated holes generate OH• radicals through the photocatalytic oxidation reaction (POR). This Cu+ copper species is lethal to microbial pathogens. The inactivation mechanism for the Salmonella typhimurium pathogen was investigated by protein oxidation, HCHO production, and the API-ZYM system. To investigate the role of OH• radicals, t-BuOH and MeOH as hole scavengers were used in photocatalytic inactivation reactions. Our experimental results confirmed that the reduced Cu+ species play a major role in bacterial inactivation, while ROS have a major effect on the degradation of organic pollutants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, Korea

    Love Kumar Dhandole, Young-Seok Seo, Su-Gyeong Kim, Aerin Kim, Min Cho & Jum Suk Jang

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  1. Love Kumar Dhandole
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  2. Young-Seok Seo
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  3. Su-Gyeong Kim
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  4. Aerin Kim
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  6. Jum Suk Jang
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Correspondence to Jum Suk Jang.

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Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: FESEM, EDAX, XRD, UV-DRS, XPS, inactivation activity, HCHO production graph, enzymatic activity, dye degradation. See DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00460a

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Dhandole, L.K., Seo, YS., Kim, SG. et al. A mechanism study on the photocatalytic inactivation of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria by CuxO loaded rhodium–antimony co-doped TiO2 nanorods. Photochem Photobiol Sci 18, 1092–1100 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8pp00460a

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