Abstract
This work reports the improvement in the photon absorption and degradation of acetaminophen (ACF) and diclofenac (DFC) by photosensitizing TiO2 with two types of dyes Eosin Y (Ey) and Rhodamine B (RhB). Experimental tests were carried out in a solar simulator for three hours for different systems and both pollutants. The influences of the TiO2 concentration (100, 200 and 800 mg L−1) and the catalyst–dye ratio (2%, 5% and 10%) were investigated. The degradation of the compounds was higher in the presence of TiO2-Ey compared to the TiO2-RhB and TiO2 for both pharmaceutical compounds, which was attributed to the anionic nature of Ey. DFC total degradation was achieved using 100 mg L−1 of catalyst loading and 10% of catalyst–dye ratio and the highest ACF degradation (71%) was obtained at 800 mg L−1 of catalyst loading and 5% of catalyst–dye ratio. The photon absorption was studied for both dyes using the six-flux absorption scattering model (SFM) for estimating the LVRPA (local volumetric rate of photon absorption). This was done by modifying the apparent optical thickness equation. It was found that the presence of dye in the photocatalytic systems considerably increases the LVRPA. The rate coefficients for the degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in the presence of the organic dyes were also obtained.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
L. Ferreira, E. Rosales, A. S. Danko, M. A. Sanromán and M. M. Pazos, Process Saf. Environ. Prot., 2016, 101, 19–26.
S. Merouani, O. Hamdaoui and M. Bouhelassa, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 2017, 126, 557–564.
N. Zhang, G. Liu, H. Liu, Y. Wang, Z. He and G. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater., 2011, 192(1), 411–418.
C. C. Su, C. A. Cada, M. L. P. Dalida and M. C. Lu, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2013, 120, 43–51.
A. Achilleos, E. Hapeshi, N. P. Xekoukoulotakis, D. Mantzavinos and D. Fatta-Kassinos, Chem. Eng. J., 2010, 161(1–2), 53–59.
S. Stets, B. do Amaral, J. T. Schneider, I. R. de Barros, M. V. de Liz, R. R. Ribeiro, et al., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2018, 353, 26–33.
L. Rizzo, S. Meric, D. Kassinos, M. Guida, F. Russo and V. Belgiorno, Water Res., 2009, 43(4), 979–988.
J. Wang and S. Wang, Chem. Eng. J., 2018, 334, 1502–1517.
F. W. Low, C. W. Lai and S. B. Abd Hamid, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., 2017, 28(4), 3819–3836.
X. Lu, Y. Shao, N. Gao, J. Chen, Y. Zhang, H. Xiang, et al., Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 2017, 141, 139–147.
Z. Zhu, H. Cai and D.-W. Sun, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 2018, 75, 23–35.
A. J. Haider, R. H. Al-Anbari, G. R. Kadhim and C. T. Salame, Energy Procedia, 2017, 119, 332–345.
G. Richhariya, A. Kumar, P. Tekasakul and B. Gupta, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 2017, 69, 705–718.
D. H. Song, H. Y. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. S. Suh, B. H. Jun and W. Y. Rho, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2017, 687, 152–157.
N. A. Ramos-Delgado, M. A. Gracia-Pinilla, L. Maya-Treviño, L. Hinojosa-Reyes, J. L. Guzman-Mar and A. Hernández-Ramírez, J. Hazard. Mater., 2013, 263(Pt 1), 36–44.
A. Arce-sarria, F. Machuca-mart and C. Bustillo-lecompte, Catalysts, 2018, 8, 1–14.
R. Malik, P. S. Rana, V. K. Tomer, V. Chaudhary and S. Duhan, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 2016, 225, 245–254.
E.-T. Yun, H.-Y. Yoo, W. Kim, H.-E. Kim, G. Kang, H. Lee, et al., Appl. Catal., B, 2017, 203, 475–484.
P. Chowdhury, S. Athapaththu, A. Elkamel and A. K. Ray, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2017, 174, 109–115.
E. Safaralizadeh and S. Janitabar, Res. Chem. Intermed., 2017, 43(2), 1197–1209.
M. Rani and S. K. Tripathi, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 2016, 61, 97–107.
K. Vignesh, A. Suganthi, M. Rajarajan and R. Sakthivadivel, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2012, 258(10), 4592–4600.
J. He, J. Zhao, T. Shen, H. Hidaka and N. Serpone, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1997, 101(44), 9027–9034.
A. Brucato, G. Li Puma and J. N. Khor, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2004, 38, 3737–3745.
J. Colina-Márquez, F. Machuca-Martínez and G. L. Puma, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2010, 44(13), 5112–5120.
D. Chatterjee, Catal. Commun., 2010, 11(5), 336–339.
H. L. Otálvaro-Marín, M. Angel Mueses, J. C. Crittenden and F. Machuca-Martinez, Chem. Eng. J., 2017, 315, 283–295.
I. Grčić and G. Li Puma, Appl. Catal., B, 2017, 222–234.
J. C. Yu, Y. Xie, H. Y. Tang, L. Zhang, H. C. Chan and J. Zhao, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2003, 156(1–3), 235–241.
L. Pan, J. J. Zou, S. Wang, Z. F. Huang, X. Zhang and L. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2013, 268, 252–258.
R. Vinu, S. Polisetti and G. Madras, Chem. Eng. J., 2010, 165(3), 784–797.
Y.-C. Hsiao, T.-F. Wu, Y.-S. Wang, C.-C. Hu and C. Huang, Appl. Catal., B, 2014, 148–149, 250–257.
U. Mehmood, A. Al-Ahmed, F. A. Al-Sulaiman, M. I. Malik, F. Shehzad and A. U. H. Khan, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 2017, 79, 946–959.
H. Lachheb, E. Puzenat, A. Houas, M. Ksibi, E. Elaloui, C. Guillard, et al., Appl. Catal., B, 2002, 39(1), 75–90.
L. Lonappan, T. Rouissi, S. Kaur, M. Verma and R. Y. Surampalli, Bioresour. Technol., 2018, 249, 386–394.
S. Manoharan, S. Sahoo, P. Pazhamalai and S. J. Kim, J. Hydrogen Energy, 2018, 43(3), 1667–1674.
W. Zhong, Z. Xiao, G. Qian and X. Liu, Electrochim. Acta, 2017, 247, 779–786.
Q. Wang, C. Chen, D. Zhao, M. Wanhong and J. Zhao, Langmuir, 2008, 24(14), 7338–7345.
A. Zyoud, N. Zaatar, I. Saadeddin, M. H. Helal, G. Campet, M. Hakim, et al., Solid State Sci., 2011, 13(6), 1268–1275.
W. S. Kuo, Y. H. Chiang and L. S. Lai, Dyes Pigm., 2008, 76(1), 82–87.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00270c
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Diaz-Angulo, J., Gomez-Bonilla, I., Jimenez-Tohapanta, C. et al. Visible-light activation of TiO2 by dye-sensitization for degradation of pharmaceutical compounds. Photochem Photobiol Sci 18, 897–904 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8pp00270c
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c8pp00270c