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Blue light filtered white light induces depression-like responses and temporary spatial learning deficits in rats

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Abstract

Objectives: Ambient light has a vital impact on mood and cognitive functions. Blue light has been previously reported to play a salient role in the antidepressant effect via melanopsin. Whether blue light filtered white light (BFW) affects mood and cognitive functions remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether BFW led to depression-like symptoms and cognitive deficits including spatial learning and memory abilities in rats, and whether they were associated with the light-responsive function in retinal explants. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley albino rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10) and treated with a white light-emitting diode (LED) light source and BFW light source, respectively, under a standard 12: 12 h L/D condition over 30 days. The sucrose consumption test, forced swim test (FST) and the level of plasma corticosterone (CORT) were employed to evaluate depression-like symptoms in rats. Cognitive functions were assessed by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. A multi-electrode array (MEA) system was utilized to measure electro-retinogram (ERG) responses induced by white or BFW flashes. Results: The effect of BFW over 30 days on depression-like responses in rats was indicated by decreased sucrose consumption in the sucrose consumption test, an increased immobility time in the FST and an elevated level of plasma CORT. BFW led to temporary spatial learning deficits in rats, which was evidenced by prolonged escape latency and swimming distances in the spatial navigation test. However, no changes were observed in the short memory ability of rats treated with BFW. The micro-ERG results showed a delayed implicit time and reduced amplitudes evoked by BFW flashes compared to the white flash group. Conclusions: BFW induces depression-like symptoms and temporary spatial learning deficits in rats, which might be closely related to the impairment of light-evoked output signals in the retina.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 7182083) and Peking University ‘the 985 Project’. The authors would like to thank Changning Liu, Matthew R. Zahner and Jenny Zhang of Pfizer Inc. for their technical assistance and instrumentation support in MEA recordings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China

    Qinghe Meng, Yuzheng Lian, Jianjun Jiang, Xiaohong Hou, Yao Pan, Hongqian Chu, Lanqin Shang, Xuetao Wei & Weidong Hao

  2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing, 100191, China

    Qinghe Meng, Yuzheng Lian, Jianjun Jiang, Xiaohong Hou, Hongqian Chu, Lanqin Shang, Xuetao Wei & Weidong Hao

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China

    Wei Wang

  4. Department of Cosmetics, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Yao Pan

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Meng, Q., Lian, Y., Jiang, J. et al. Blue light filtered white light induces depression-like responses and temporary spatial learning deficits in rats. Photochem Photobiol Sci 17, 386–394 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1039/c7pp00271h

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