Abstract
The combined application of two photosensitisers (PSs), zinc(ii) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and the cationic porphyrinmeso-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphine (T4MPyP), on HeLa cells produced an enhanced lethal effect relative to treatments with single PSs. Thus, the proper combination of PSs may constitute a new strategy to improve the efficacy of clinical photodynamic therapy.
References
A. Villanueva, L. Caggiari, G. Jori, C. Milanesi, Morphological aspects of an experimental tumour photosensitized with a meso-substituted cationic porphyrin, J. Photochem. Photobiol., B, 1994, 23, 49–56.
A. J. Ward, E. K. Matthews, Cytotoxic, nuclear, and growth inhibitory effects of photodynamic drugs on pancreatic carcinoma cells, Cancer Lett., 1996, 102, 39–47.
G. H. Rodal, S. K. Rodal, J. Moan, K. Berg, Liposome-bound Zn(II)-phthalocyanine, Mechanisms for cellular uptake and photosensitization, J. Photochem. Photobiol., B, 1998, 45, 150–159.
A. Villanueva, V. Domínguez, S. Polo, V. D. Vendrell, C. Sanz, M. Cañete, A. Juarranz, J. C. Stockert, Photokilling mechanisms induced by zinc(II)-phthalocyanine on cultured tumor cells, Oncol. Res., 1999, 11, 447–453.
C. Fabris, G. Valduga, G. Miotto, L. Borsetto, G. Jori, S. Garbisa, E. Reddi, Photosensitization with zinc (II) phthalocyanine as a switch in the decision between apoptosis and necrosis, Cancer Res., 2001, 61, 7495–7500.
A. Villanueva, R. Vidania, J. C. Stockert, M. Cañete and A. Juarranz, Photodynamic Effects on Cultured Tumor Cells. Cytoskeleton Alterations and Cell Death Mechanisms, in Handbook of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 4, ed. H. S. Nalwa, American Scientific Publishers, California, 2003, pp 79–117.
S. Rello-Varona, J. C. Stockert, M. Cañete, P. Acedo, A. Villanueva, Mitotic catastrophe induced in HeLa cells by photodynamic treatment with Zn(II)-phthalocyanine, Int. J. Oncol., 2008, 32, 1189–1196.
M. Zhang, T. Murakami, K. Ajima, K. Tsuchida, A. S. Sandanayaka, O. Ito, S. Iijima, M. Yudasaka, Fabrication of ZnPc/protein nanohorns for double photodynamic and hyperthermic cancer phototherapy, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 2008, 105, 14773–14778.
L. Wu, L. Yang, J. Huang, L. Zhang, X. Weng, X. Zhang, C. Shen, X. Zhou, C. Zheng, Cationic ester porphyrins cause high levels of phototoxicity in tumor cells and induction of apoptosis in HeLa cells, Chem. Biodiversity, 2009, 6, 1066–1076.
J. Y. Liu, P. C. Lo, W. P. Fong, D. K. Ng, Effects of the number and position of the substituents on the in vitro photodynamic activities of glucosylated zinc(II) phthalocyanines, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2009, 7, 1583–1591.
J. C. Stockert, A. Villanueva, J. Cristóbal, M. Cañete, Improving images of fluorescent cell labeling by background signal subtraction, Biotech. Histochem., 2009, 84, 63–68.
B. W. Kang, T. W. Kim, J. L. Lee, M. H. Ryu, H. M. Chang, C. S. Yu, J. C. Kim, J. H. Kim, Y. K. Kang, J. S. Lee, Bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI or FOLFOX as third-line or later treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin: a retrospective analysis, Med. Oncol., 2009, 26, 32–37.
Q. Peng, T. Warloe, J. Moan, A. Godal, F. Apricena, K. E. Giercksky, J. M. Nesland, Antitumor effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy can be enhanced by the use of a low dose of photofrin in human tumor xenografts, Cancer Res., 2001, 61, 5824–5832.
X. Schneider-Yin, A. Kurmanaviciene, M. Roth, M. Roos, A. Fedier, E. I. Minder, H. Walt, Hypericin and 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX induce enhanced phototoxicity in human endometrial cancer cells with non-coherent white light, Photodiagn. Photodyn. Ther., 2009, 6, 12–18.
F. Ginevra, S. Biffanti, A. Pagnan, R. Biolo, E. Reddi, G. Jori, Delivery of the tumour photosensitizer zinc(II)-phthalocyanine to serum proteins by different liposomes: studies in vitro and in vivo, Cancer Lett., 1990, 49, 59–65.
R. D. Almeida, B. J. Manadas, A. P. Carvalho, C. B. Duarte, Intracellular signaling mechanisms in photodynamic therapy, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Rev. Cancer, 2004, 1704, 59–86.
G. N. Georgiou, M. T. Ahmet, A. Houlton, J. Silver, R. J. Cherry, Measurement of the rate of uptake and subcellular localization of porphyrins in cells using fluorescence digital imaging microscopy, Photochem. Photobiol., 1994, 59, 419–422.
A. Patito, C. Rothmann, Z. Malik, Nuclear transport of photosensitizers during photosensitization and oxidative stress, Biol. Cell, 2001, 93, 285–291.
A. Rück, T. Köllner, A. Dietrich, W. Strauss, H. Schneckenburger, Fluorescence formation during photodynamic therapy in the nucleus of cells incubated with cationic and anionic water-soluble photosensitizers, J. Photochem. Photobiol., B, 1992, 12, 403–412.
H. Machado, C. Pacheco Soares, N. S. da Silva, K. C. Moraes, Cellular and molecular studies of the initial process of the photodynamic therapy in HEp-2 cells using LED light source and two different photosensitizers, Cell Biol. Int., 2009, 33, 785–795.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Villanueva, A., Stockert, J.C., Cañete, M. et al. A new protocol in photodynamic therapy: enhanced tumour cell death by combining two different photosensitizers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 9, 295–297 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1039/b9pp00153k
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b9pp00153k