Abstract
Cycloreversion processes of three photochromic diarylethene derivatives with extremely low one-photon reaction yields (5.0 × 10−5 to 1.5 × 10−2) were investigated by means of femtosecond and picosecond laser photolysis methods. Femtosecond visible laser photolysis revealed that the excited state of the closed form in these three derivatives decayed into the ground state with 0.7-8 ps time constants and with low cycloreversion yields that were consistent with those obtained by steady-state light irradiation. On the other hand, the cycloreversion reaction was drastically enhanced by picosecond 532 nm laser excitation for all of the three derivatives. From excitation intensity effects of the reaction yield and dynamic behavior, it was found that the successive two-photon absorption process leading to higher excited states opened an efficient cycloreversionchannel, with reaction yields of 0.3-0.5. These results are discussed from the viewpoint of the one-photon inerasable but two-photon erasable photochromic system.
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The output of 1 mJ mm−2 of the picosecond laser pulse at 532 nm with 15 ps fwhm corresponds to I of 1.79 × 1028photons cm−2 s−1. The value of Ng is 6.02 × 1016 molecules cm−3 for 1 × 10−4 M concentration. By using the typical value of the two-photon absorption cross-section, 10−50 cm4 s photon−1 molecule−1, 38 the number of the excited states produced by the above I value is estimated to be 2.87 × 1012 molecules cm−3 or 4.78 × 10−9 M. This estimation indicates that the simultaneous two-photon absorption is rather difficult for the present excitation condition of the picosecond laser pulse.
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This paper is part of a themed issue on synthetic and natural photoswitches.
Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Excitation intensity dependence of time profiles under femtosecond laser excitation. See DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00116f
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Ishibashi, Y., Okuno, K., Ota, C. et al. Multiphoton-gated cycloreversion reactions of photochromic diarylethene derivatives with low reaction yields upon one-photon visible excitation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 9, 172–180 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1039/b9pp00116f
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b9pp00116f