Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gold nanoparticle photosensitized radical photopolymerization

  • Paper
  • Published:
Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We report the photopolymerization of an acrylic monomer using thiol-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and [4-[(octyloxy)phenyl]phenyl] iodonium hexafluoroantimonate (OPPI) as photoinitiator and coinitiator, respectively. Polymerization occurred only when the AuNPs, in the presence of the iodonium salt, were irradiated at the particle plasmonic absorption region (λ > 450 nm). The AuNPs activate the coinitiator by intermolecular electron transfer since OPPI has no absorption in the visible region. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor polymerization. UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy measurements were used to characterize the NPs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. C. Daniel and D. Astruc, Gold nanoparticles: assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum-size-related properties, and applications toward biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology, Chem. Rev., 2004, 104, 293–346.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. A. C. Templeton, W. P. Wuelfing and R. W. Murray, Monolayer-protected cluster molecules, Acc. Chem. Res., 2000, 33, 27–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Brust and C. J. Kiely, Some recent advances in nanostructure preparation from gold and silver: a short topical review, Colloids Surf., A, 2002, 202, 175–186.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. D. L. Feldheim, and A. F. Colby, Jr., Metal nanoparticles-synthesis, characterization and applications, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  5. T. K. Mandal, M. S. Fleming and D. R. Walt, Preparation of polymer coated gold nanoparticles by surface-confined living radical polymerization at ambient temperature, Nano Lett., 2002, 2, 3–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. US Pat., 0 253 536, 2004.

  7. S. Nub, H. Bottchen, H. Wurm and M. L. Hallensleden, Gold nanoparticles with covalently attached polymer chains, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2001, 40, 4016–4018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. F. Kim, J. H. Song and P. Yang, Photochemical synthesis of gold nanorods, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2002, 124, 14316–14317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. S. Link, M. A. El-Sayed, Spectral properties and relaxation dynamics of surface plasmon electronic oscillations in gold and silver nanodots and nanorods, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, 103, 8410–8426.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Tian and T. Tatsuma, Plasmon-induced photoelectrochemistry at metal nanoparticles supported on nanoporous TiO2, Chem. Commun., 2004, 1810–1811.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Tian and T. Tatsuma, Mechanisms and applications of plasmon-induced charge separation at TiO2 films loaded with gold nanoparticles, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 7632–7636.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Y. Tian, H. Notsu and T. Tatsuma, Visible-light-induced patterning of Au- and Ag- TiO2 nanocomposite film surfaces on the basis of plasmon photoelectrochemistry, J. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2005, 4, 598–601.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Nakashima, M. Sakashita, Y. Nonoguchi and T. Kawai, Sensitized photopolymerization of an ionic liquid-based monomer by using CdTe nanocrystals, Macromolecules, 2007, 40, 6540–6544.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S. Link, M. A. El-Sayed, Shape and size dependence of radiative, non-radiative and photothermal properties of gold nanocrystals, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem., 2000, 19, 409–453.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. F. W. Starr, T. B. Schroder and S. C. Glotzer, Molecular dynamics simulation of a polymer melt with a nanoscopic particle, Macromolecules, 2002, 35, 4481–4492.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Tyagi, J. Y. Lee, G. A. Buxton and A. C. Balazs, Using nanocomposite coatings to heal surface defects, Macromolecules, 2004, 37, 9160–9168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Y. Ren, W. F. Jager and D. C. Neckers, Simultaneous photoinduced color formation and polymerization: the formation of highly colored thin films from colorless precursors due to formation of triarylmethane cations by acid generating decomposition of iodonium salts, Macromolecules, 1996, 29, 375–3757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Y. Kaneko and D. C. Neckers, Simultaneous photoinduced color formation and photoinitiated polymerization, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1998, 102, 5356–5363.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. J. V. Crivello and F. Jiang, Development of pyrene photosensitizers for cationic photopolymerizations, Chem. Mater., 2002, 14, 4858–4866.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. Toba, Y. Usui, M. M. Alam and O. Ito, Onium Butyltriphenylborates as Donor-Acceptor Initiators for Sensitized Photopolymerizations of Vinyl Monomer, Macromolecules, 1998, 31, 18, 6022–6029.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. He, W. Zhou, F. Wu, M. Li and E. Wang, Photoreaction and photopolymerization studies on squaraine dyes/iodonium salts combination, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2004, 162, 463–471.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. P. Baauerle, F. Wuerthner, G. Goetz and F. Effenberger, Selective synthesis of α-substituted oligothiophenes, Synthesis, 1993, 11, 1099–1103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. G. Sotgiu, M. Zambianchi, G. Barbarella and C. Botta, Synthesis and optical properties of soluble sexithiophenes with one central head-to-head junction, Tetrahedron, 2002, 58, 2245–2251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. M. Brust, J. Fink, D. Bethell, D. J. Schiffrin and C. Kiely, Synthesis and reactions of functionalized gold nanoparticles, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1995, 1655–1656.

    Google Scholar 

  25. D. V. Leff, P. C. Ohara, J. R. Heath and W. M. Gelbart, Thermodynamic control of gold nanocrystal size: experiment and theory, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7036–7041.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. A. A. Ermoshkin, D. C. Neckers and A. V. Fedorov, Photopolymerization without light. Polymerization of acrylates using oxalate esters and hydrogen peroxide, Macromolecules, 2006, 39, 5669–5674.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. O. Grinevich and D. L. Snavely, Laser vibrational overtone activation of ethyl acrylate/benzoyl peroxide mixture, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1999, 304, 202–206.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. X. Cai, K. C. Anyaogu and D. C. Neckers, Photopolymerization of gold nanoparticles: size-related charge separation and emission, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2007, 129, (37), 11324–11325.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. G. Zotti, B. Vercelli, M. Battagliarin, A. Berlin, V. Hernandez and J. T. Lopez, Navarrete, Oligothiophene- and oligopyrrole-mediated aggregation of gold nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007, 111, 16, 5886–5892.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Eustis, G. Krylova, A. Eromenko, N. Smirnova, A. W. Schill, M. A. El-Sayed, Growth and fragmentation of silver nanoparticles in their synthesis with a fs laser and CW light by photo-sensitization with benzophenone, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2005, 4, 154–159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center forPhotochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA

    Kelechi C. Anyaogu, Xichen Cai & Douglas C. Neckers

Authors
  1. Kelechi C. Anyaogu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xichen Cai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Douglas C. Neckers
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Douglas C. Neckers.

Additional information

Contribution number 699 from the Center for Photochemical Sciences.

This paper was published as part of the themed issue in honour of Nicholas Turro.

Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: UV-Vis spectra, TEM images, EDX spectrum, near-IR spectra, chemical structures of tested monomer and coinitiator. See DOI: 10.1039/b812328d

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Anyaogu, K.C., Cai, X. & Neckers, D.C. Gold nanoparticle photosensitized radical photopolymerization. Photochem Photobiol Sci 7, 1469–1472 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1039/b812328d

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b812328d

Search

Navigation