Release of the mitogen lysophosphatidylinositol from H-Ras-transformed fibroblasts; a possible mechanism of autocrine control of cell proliferation

Abstract

Lysophosphatidylinositol (LysoPtdIns) is formed by a constitutively-active phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase A₂ in Ras-transformed cells and can stimulate cell proliferation. To evaluate whether LysoPtdIns could function as an autocrine modulator of cell growth, we examined whether LysoPtdIns can be released in the medium of Ras-transformed FRT-Fibro fibroblasts and thyroid cells. Here, we report that LysoPtdIns accumulates in the extracellular space of these lines and reaches levels up to tenfold higher than in the case of normal cells. Moreover, the ionophore A23187 increased the levels of the lysolipid in the extracellular medium. Extracellular LysoPtdIns was rapidly hydrolyzed to inositol 1 : 2-cyclic phosphate. LysoPtdIns induced thymidine incorporation in FRT-Fibro Ha-Ras fibroblasts, whereas inositol cyclic 1 : 2-cyclic phosphate did not affect cell growth per se, nor did it interfere with the LysoPtdIns mitogenic activity. We hypothesize that in Ras-transformed fibroblasts the formation and release of LysoPtdIns may function as an autocrine mechanism that participates in the Ras-dependent stimulation of cell growth.