The approval of anti-TNF therapy for colitis over 20 years ago represented a paradigm shift for the treatment of this disease. Anti-TNF therapy is now shown to prevent colitis-associated colon cancer in mice by modifying the gut microbiota composition and transcriptional activity, including genes in Escherichia coli that control colibactin synthesis.
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Trinchieri, G. TNF-shaped microbiota promotes cancer. Nat Cancer 1, 667–669 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-020-0090-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-020-0090-y
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