Phenotypic heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes (T2D) was visualized by non-linear dimensionality reduction in a cohort of over 23,000 people. Variation in the T2D phenotype mapped to variation in drug response, risk of disease complications and underlying genetic architecture.
References
Pearson, E. R. Type 2 diabetes: a multifaceted disease. Diabetologia 62, 1107–1112 (2019). A review article summarizing the complexity and heterogeneity of diabetes.
Ahlqvist, E. et al. Novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes and their association with outcomes: a data-driven cluster analysis of six variables. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 6, 361–369 (2018). A study reporting diabetes subtypes using phenotypic information.
Udler, M. S. et al. Type 2 diabetes genetic loci informed by multi-trait associations point to disease mechanisms and subtypes: A soft clustering analysis. PLOS Med. 15, e1002654 (2018). A study reporting diabetes subtypes using a soft clustering method and genetic variants related to T2D.
McCarthy, M. I. Painting a new picture of personalised medicine for diabetes. Diabetologia 60, 793–799 (2017). A review article describing the palette model of diabetes.
Thakarakkattil Narayanan Nair, A. et al. https://atn-uod2018.shinyapps.io/Prediction_diabetes_outcome_18082021 (2022). A web application for mapping people with T2D to the phenotype tree and predicting their risk of diabetes progression and complications.
Additional information
Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This is a summary of: Thakarakkattil Narayanan Nair, A. et al. Heterogeneity in phenotype, disease progression and drug response in type 2 diabetes. Nat. Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01790-7 (2022).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Visualizing heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes phenotype, outcome and drug response. Nat Med 28, 909–910 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01791-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01791-6
- Springer Nature America, Inc.