Skip to main content
Log in

Transplantation

Kidney xenotransplantation edges closer to the clinic

  • News & Views
  • Published:

From Nature Reviews Nephrology

View current issue Sign up to alerts

The demand for kidney transplants is far from met by human donors — a problem that may be solved by the clinical translation of porcine kidney xenotransplantation. A new paper describes the development of genetically ‘humanized’ pigs, the kidneys of which kept nephrectomized cynomolgus macaques alive for up to 2 years.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1: Survival of nephrectomized cynomolgus macaques with genetically modified porcine kidney xenotransplants.

References

  1. Health Resources & Services Administration. Organ donation statistics. https://www.organdonor.gov/learn/organ-donation-statistics (accessed 30 October 2023).

  2. Anand, R. P. et al. Design and testing of a humanized porcine donor for xenotransplantation. Nature 622, 393–401 (2023).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Reichart, B. et al. Pathways to clinical cardiac xenotransplantation. Transplantation 105, 1930–1943 (2021).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Paradis, K. et al. Search for cross-species transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus in patients treated with living pig tissue. Science 285, 1236–1241 (1999).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Längin, M. et al. Consistent success in life-supporting porcine cardiac xenotransplantation. Nature 564, 430–433 (2018).

    Article  PubMed  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Estrada, J. L. et al. Evaluation of human and non-human primate antibody binding to pig cells lacking GGTA1/CMAH/β4GalNT2 genes. Xenotransplantation 22, 194–202 (2015).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Kim, S. C. et al. Long-term survival of pig-to-rhesus macaque renal xenografts is dependent on CD4 T cell depletion. Am. J. Transplant. 19, 2174–2185 (2019).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Wang, M. et al. Whole-genome methylation analysis reveals epigenetic variation in cloned and donor pigs. Front. Genet. 11, 23 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Montgomery, R. A. et al. Results of two cases of pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 386, 1889–1898 (2022).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Loupy, A. et al. Immune response after pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation: a multimodal phenotyping study. Lancet 402, 1158–1169 (2023).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank M. M. Mohiuddin (Cardiac Xenotransplantation Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA) and J. Denner (Institute of Virology, Free University of Berlin, Germany) for critical review of the manuscript before submission. Our xenotransplantation studies are supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC-TR 127) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF; Sinergia grant CRSII5_198577/1).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eckhard Wolf.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors are co-founders of XTransplant GmbH, Starnberg, Germany.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wolf, E., Reichart, B. Kidney xenotransplantation edges closer to the clinic. Nat Rev Nephrol 20, 204–205 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-023-00790-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-023-00790-1

  • Springer Nature Limited

Navigation