Current mangrove planting schemes aimed at reversing global losses are prioritising short-term increases in area over long-term establishment. Without sound, evidence-based restoration policies, this approach could accelerate the demise of mangrove forests and the ecosystem services they provide.
References
FAO. The World’ s Mangroves: 1980–2005 89 (FAO, Rome, Italy, 2007).
Duke, N. C. et al. Science 317, 41–42 (2007).
Richards, D. R. & Friess, D. A. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 344–349 (2016).
Primavera, J. H. et al. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 109, 744–750 (2016).
Villamayor, B. M. R. et al. Ocean Coast. Manage. 132, 1–14 (2016).
Primavera, J.H. et al. in World Seas, An Environmental Evaluation 2nd edn, Vol. 3 (ed Sheppard, C. S.) 1–34 (Elsevier, 2018).
Lewis III, R. R. Ecol. Eng. 24, 403–418 (2005).
Lee, S. Y. & Khim, J. S. Chemosphere 168, 765–776 (2017).
Peng, Y. et al. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 109, 691–699 (2016).
He, Z. et al. Plant Soil 432, 425–436 (2018).
Ewel, K. C. et al. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 7, 83–94 (1998).
Barbier, E. B. et al. Science 319, 321–323 (2008).
Lewis III, R. R. et al. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 109, 764–771 (2016).
Barbier, E. B. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Environmental Science: Environmental Economics 23 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2017).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Supplementary information
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, S.Y., Hamilton, S., Barbier, E.B. et al. Better restoration policies are needed to conserve mangrove ecosystems. Nat Ecol Evol 3, 870–872 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0861-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-019-0861-y
- Springer Nature Limited
This article is cited by
-
Long-term patterns of growth and survival of mangrove seedlings in Micronesia
Hydrobiologia (2024)
-
Challenges and opportunities for achieving Sustainable Development Goals through restoration of Indonesia’s mangroves
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2023)
-
The Coral Triangle and Strait of Malacca are two distinct hotspots of mangrove biodiversity
Scientific Reports (2023)
-
Mangrove reforestation provides greater blue carbon benefit than afforestation for mitigating global climate change
Nature Communications (2023)
-
Mangrove plantation and fuelwood supply chain dynamics in the Keta Lagoon Complex Ramsar Site, Ghana
Wetlands Ecology and Management (2023)