Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The two faces of IL-2: a key driver of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion

  • Research Highlight
  • Published:
Cellular & Molecular Immunology Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1: IL-2 is essential for CD8+ T cell exhaustion within tumors.

References

  1. Liu, Y. et al. IL-2 regulates tumor-reactive CD8+ T cell exhaustion by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nat. Immunol. 22, 358–369 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Medzhitov, R. Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature 454, 428–435 (2008).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. McLane, L. M., Abdel-Hakeem, M. S. & Wherry, E. J. CD8 T cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection and cancer. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 37, 457–459 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Abbas, A. K., Trotta, E., Simeonov, D. S., Marson, A. & Bluestone, J. A. Revisiting IL-2: biology and therapeutic prospects. Sci. Immunol. 3, eaat1482 (2018).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. West, E. E. et al. PD-L1 blockade synergizes with IL-2 therapy in reinvigorating exhausted T cells. J. Clin. Invest. 123, 2604–2615 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Beltra, J. C. et al. IL12Rβ-dependent signals drive terminal exhaustion and suppress memory development during chronic viral infection. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, E5111–E5453 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rothhammer, V. & Quintana, F. J. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: an environmental sensor integrating immune responses in health and disease. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 19, 184–197 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, S. M. et al. Inhibition of acute lethal pulmonary inflammatory by the IDO-AhR pathway. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, E5881–E5890 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Stockinger, B., Shah, K. & Wincent, K. AHR in the intestinal microenvironment: safeguarding barrier function. Nat. Rev. Gasteroenterol. Hepatol. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-021-00430-8(2021).

  10. Gagliani, N. et al. Th17 cells transdifferentiate into regulatory T cells during resolution of inflammation. Nature 523, 221–225 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Byungsuk Kwon’s laboratory is supported by a grant from the University of Ulsan (2021-0404).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Byungsuk Kwon.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The author declares no competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kwon, B. The two faces of IL-2: a key driver of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion. Cell Mol Immunol 18, 1641–1643 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-021-00712-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-021-00712-w

  • Springer Nature Limited

This article is cited by

Navigation