Abstract
Osteosarcoma derives from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells and is the most common primary bone malignancy. Therapeutic targeting of osteosarcoma has been unsuccessful; therefore, identifying novel osteosarcoma pathogenesis could offer new therapeutic options. CDK7 is a subunit within the general transcription factor TFIIH. We aim to explore the new mechanism by which CDK7 regulates osteosarcoma and our studies may provide new theoretical support for the use of CDK7 inhibitors in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the association between CDK7 and GRP78 in osteosarcoma. Specifically, we find that an E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 binds and targets GRP78 for ubiquitination and degradation, whereas CDK7 phosphorylates GRP78 at T69 to inhibit TRIM21 recruitment, leading to GRP78 stabilization. Notably, a CDK7-specific inhibitor, THZ1, blunts osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. Combination treatment with CDK7 and GRP78 inhibitors yield additive effects on osteosarcoma growth and progression inhibition. Thus, simultaneous suppression of CDK7 and GRP78 activity represents a potential new approach for the treatment of osteosarcoma. In conclusion, the discovery of this previously unknown CDK7/GRP78 signaling axis provides the molecular basis and the rationale to target human osteosarcoma.
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Acknowledgements
We thank all members of Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute for their assistance.
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This work was supported by NSFC (81874124); Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Rising-Star Program (19QA1407200).
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TZ, JJL, MKY, and XLM designed and conducted experiments, analyzed data and wrote the paper; ZYW, XJM, MXS, WS and JX provided reagents, technical and data analysis assistance; TZ, YQH, and ZDC conceived and supervised the project, designed experiments, and analyzed data. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Zhang, T., Li, J., Yang, M. et al. CDK7/GRP78 signaling axis contributes to tumor growth and metastasis in osteosarcoma. Oncogene 41, 4524–4536 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-022-02446-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-022-02446-z
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