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How is SOS activated? Let us count the ways

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New work shows that activation of the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS is dependent upon the membrane density of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and GTP-bound Ras. These signals synergize to release the autoinhibitory DH-PH domain, while the histone domain fine-tunes SOS activation in response to PIP2.

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Figure 1: Model for activation of SOS at the membrane.
Figure 2: Regulation of Arp2/3 by N-WASP.

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Acknowledgements

We thank O. Rocks and I. Blasutig for helpful discussions.

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Findlay, G., Pawson, T. How is SOS activated? Let us count the ways. Nat Struct Mol Biol 15, 538–540 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb0608-538

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