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Surface diffusion

Shifting strings

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Many atomic diffusion processes occur at rates that are too fast to observe experimentally. Using video scanning tunnelling microscopy, researchers are now able to observe the individual steps involved in correlated transport of atomic strings on metal surfaces.

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Figure 1: Non-collective, collective and quasi-collective atomic diffusion processes.

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Brune, H. Shifting strings. Nature Mater 2, 778–779 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1027

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